海底管线系统偶然性载荷作用下的风险评估-船舶与海洋结构物设计制造专业论文.docx

中文摘要近年来，海洋开发飞速发展，海底管道作为一种输送油气的重要载体，由于 中文摘要 近年来，海洋开发飞速发展，海底管道作为一种输送油气的重要载体，由于 所处的海洋环境非常复杂，将面临各种各样的风险。其中一项重要的风险就是遭 受物体的撞击，而撞击管道的各种载荷多是不确定的。由于撞击可能造成管道的 损坏，而海底管道检查维护、日常管理极不方便，一旦出了事故，修复极为困难， 因此对它进行偶然性载荷作用下的安全分析是非常必要的。 本文根据“DNV—RP—F107”提出的评估思想，讨论了起重机作业时坠落物体、 船舶撞击立管、锚泊作业等三种最主要的偶然性载荷对管道的撞击问题，利用概 率论理论处理撞击事件发生的概率，利用凹痕一能量关系及能量带方法处理撞击 能量，建立了撞击能量和故障概率之间的关系以及撞击能量与破损等级之间的关 系，进而建立起故障概率与破损等级之间的关系，以此作为处理管道遭受撞击问 题的基础，进行风险评估，并对各种碰撞风险提供了建议的改进措施。 最后，本文使用c++Builder及SQL Server语言，编制了该评估程序的应 用软件，并通过DNV-RP-F107中的实例加以验证，计算结果表明，该软件是正确 可靠的，研究成果具有一定的工程实用价值。 关键词：海底管道偶然性载荷撞击凹痕能量带 AbstractIn Abstract In recent years，the ocean exploitation develops very fast，as an important means of transporting ocean oil and gas，offshore pipeline is subjected to all kinds of risks due to the complex ocean environment．One of the most important risks is being impacted by objects，in most cases，the load is hard to determine．Impact may result in the damage of pipes and because it is very hard to check、maintain、and operate the offshore pipelines．Once an accident happens，it is extremely difficult to repair． Therefore it is very necessary to carry the safe analysis under accidental loads． According to the evaluation thoughts put forward by“DNV—RP—F107”，the paper discusses three main accidental loads such as falling object when a lift is working、ship impacting riser and anchor impacting pipelines．Probability theory is used to deal with happening probabilities of hitting affairs；dent-energy relationship and energy belt method are used tO handle the impact energy．Relationship between impacting energy and failure probabilities and relationship between impacting energy and breakage grade are set up to construct the relationship between failure probabilities and breakage grade which is the base used to evaluate the risk of impacting affairs．Suggesting measures are given to decrease all kinds of the impact risl(s． At last．the paper use C++Builder and SQL Server computer language to write applied software of the compute procedure．