环形交叉口优化设计.doc

河南理工大学2012届本科生毕业论文 PAGE 焦东建行环形交叉口优化设计 摘 要 焦作社会经济的的飞速发展导致交通量的迅猛增长，道路通行能力降低，交叉口问题日益突出。从早期设计的焦东建行环形交叉口的运行情况来看，车流在一定程度上能够连续行驶，减小了常规交叉口由于停车等待信号灯而引起的延误，节约了交叉口交通管理控制的成本。但仍然存在许多缺陷和问题，表现在：高峰时间车辆拥堵较严重；机非混行，非机动车肆意穿越；争抢进入环交，造成一定的交织。 本文通过计算交通量各向流量、通行能力、高峰小时系数、延误等指标和分析现状存在的问题缺陷来对焦作市焦东建行四路环形交叉口的现状进行评价，以满足通行能力与合理组织车流人流为基本原则，综合考虑经济性和美观性，在尊重原貌的基础上，合理适当地提出该环形交叉口的局部改造方案。 关键词:环形交叉口 渠化 改造 评估 ABSTRACT Along with the rapid development of social economy, the traffic volume is growing expeditiously, while the traffic capacity is dropping on the contrary, the traffic problems in the intersection is becoming increasingly prominent. Considering the operation of roundabout of China Construction Bank in the east of Jiaozuo city designed previously, the traffic stream can move continuously to a certain extent, reduce the delays caused by stopping to wait for the traffic lights in common intersections and save the cost of traffic management. However, there still exists some defects and problems: serious congestion in peak time; mixture of motor and non-motor vehicles, casual crossing of non-motor vehicles; Scramble for entering the roundabout and slight interexture. A rational and suitable renovation project will ultimately put forward by assessment of the roundabout of the China Construction Bank in the east of Jiaozuo based on calculating some index such as traffic volume in each side, traffic capacity, peak hour factor and delay and analyzing the problems and defects, which is combined with the forecast of traffic volume and based on the original shape. The project should obey the principle of fitting the traffic capacity and organizing vehicles and pedestrians reasonably, besides, it should take economy and artistry into consideration. Key words： Roundabout Canaligation Engineering Renovation Assessment 目 录 PAGE 51 1 绪论 1.1 研究背景及意义 衣食住行是人类生存发展的四个基本要素，其中“行”即为交通。交通与人类的生存发展息息相关，人类的出行离不开各种交通运输工具，从原始的步行时代到马车时代，尽管经历了较大的飞跃，然而由于其机动性能差，耗时耗力，人类未能真正地拓展自己的生存发展空间。19世纪末，产业革命之后出现了蒸汽机