大型铝电解槽强化电流条件下槽帮形成规律研究.doc

PAGE doi：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7545.2012 doi：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7545.2012.06.009 王维1， 薛济来 1 ，朱骏 1， 刘翘楚1， 刘康1， 牛庆仁2， 何华2， 韩立国2， 王延庆2， 张成浩2 （1.北京科技大学 冶金与生态工程学院，北京 100083； 2.中电投宁夏青铜峡能源铝业集团有限公司，银川 750002） 摘要：以350 kA铝电解槽为研究对象，现场测定了运行中槽帮厚度及温度分布，并在考虑化学反应热效应的情况下，运用有限元方法对温度场、强化前后炉膛形状分别进行模拟，分析了阴极材质对电解质凝固等温线和槽帮厚度以及操作参数对石墨化阴极强化电流后炉膛形状的影响规律。结果表明，模型估计值与现场测量值相当吻合，所用模型方法有助于强化槽电流、实现运行参数的优化。 关键词：350 kA铝电解槽；化学反应；槽帮；石墨化程度；强化电流 中图分类号：TF821 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1007-7545（2012）06-0000-00 Study on Ledge Forming under Conditions of Increased High Amperage Aluminum Reduction Cell WANG Wei1, XUE Ji-lai1, ZHU Jun1, LIU Qiao-chu1, LIU Kang1, NIU Qing-ren2, HE Hua2, HAN Li-guo2, WANG Yan-qing2, ZHANG Cheng-hao2 （1. School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Ningxia Qingtongxia Energy Aluminium Group, China Power Investment Corporation, Yinchuan 750002, China） Abstract: The ledge thickness and temperature distribution were measured on site with 350 kA aluminum cells as the research object. The ledge shape and temperature field before and after current reinforcement was numerical simulated by finite element method with account of chemical reactions. The effects of cathode materials on the ledge thickness and freeze liquidus isotherms and the operation parameters on the ledge shape after current reinforcement of the cell with graphitized cathodes were analyzed. The results show that the simulation result coincides with the industrial data considerably, and the model can be used to reinforce current, assess cathode materials and optimize the operation parameters. Key words: 350 kA aluminum cell; chemical reaction; ledge; degree of graphitization; current reinforcement 规整炉膛对强化电流生产中减少电解槽热损失、提高电流效率和生产率有着重要作用[1]。强化电解槽电流可提高现有单槽产能，是较小的技改投入实现铝厂增产节能的一种有效方式[2-3]。数值模拟方法随着计算机和工程软件功能的不断提高，已深入运用到有关电热场分析研究和工程应用中，所获结果对优化槽启动和运行参数、形成规整炉膛内形和槽帮[4]等都有指导意义。 近年来，先进大型槽的一个重要趋势是采用石墨化或高石墨质阴极，通过强化电流挖掘电解槽的增产节能潜力[5]。因而对槽内化学反应过程及其全程调控亦提出了更高、更精确的要求。尽管用