铝合金板翅式换热器氩弧焊接头疲劳断裂试验研究-材料加工工程专业毕业论文.docxVIP

Classified Index：TG405 U.D.C: 621.791.052 Dissertation for the Master Degree in Engineering EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON FATIGUE FAILURE OF TIG WELDED JOINT IN ALUMINUM ALLOY PLATE-FIN HEAT EXCHANGER Candidate： Candidate： Yang Shihua Supervisor： Prof. Qian Yiy Associate Supervisor： Engineer Fen Academic Degree Applied for： Master of Engi Specialty： Materials Pro Affiliation: School of Mat and Engineeri Date of Defence： June, 2006 Degree-Conferring-Institution: Harbin Institut g Zonghui neering cessing Engineering erials Science ng e of Technology 哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文 哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文 - - I - 摘要 铝合金换热器是现代社会中广泛应用的工业产品。由于其具有优良的导 热性、轻质性和经济性，正逐步取代铜和不锈钢换热器。随着铝换热器向 高致密性、重量小、耐高压和耐腐蚀的方向改 进，对铝换热器的焊接接 头质量问题提出了更高的要求。 本文是针对 320C 铝合金板翅式机油换热器在性能测试过程中，焊缝的 断裂失效而进行的。首先对 320C 铝合金板翅式机油换热器做了多次压力脉 冲试验，得到其在所要求压力下的循环次数。对断裂的产品断口进行了宏观 分析、断口分析、微观组织分析和应力模拟分析，结果发现，断裂的主要原 因是焊缝受到过大的拉应力，同时根部存在有明显的未焊透缺陷从而造成了 应力集中，焊缝中也存在有较多、较大的气孔缺陷。 针对得到的断裂原因，对 320C 铝合金板翅式机油换热器进行了结构改 进、工艺改进，使其所受应力大幅降低，各种焊接缺陷得到有效控制，最终 使产品性能达到要求。 为了能够预测产品的使用寿命，按照客户的要求，本文还对换热器的母 材及焊接接头做了疲劳试验，得到了母材及焊接接头的疲劳寿命，为今后产 品的设计、寿命估算提供了基础数据。 关键词 铝合金换热器；疲劳失效；焊接接头 - - II - Abstract Aluminum alloy heat exchanger is a kind of industrial product widely applied in modern society. Because of excellent thermal conductivity, lightweight, economical efficiency, aluminum alloy heat exchanger is replacing copper and stainless steel ones step by step. Following with the developments of novel design for high-dense, small gravity, high-pressure and high corrosion resistance, the more critical demanding of the quality of welded joint in Aluminum alloy heat exchanger is proposed. In this dissertation, based on the fracture failure of performance tests of 320C Al alloy heat exchanger, several reasons were analyzed. The number of cycles under certain pressure was obtained through pressure cycle tests of the heat exchanger. The main reason of fracture failure was found that the welded joints were subjected to the excessive tensile stress by the fracture analysis, macroana