煤矿自燃火灾的烟气流动模拟及防治-安全工程专业毕业论文.docxVIP

中北大学学位论文 中北大学学位论文 I I 煤矿自燃火灾的烟气流动模拟及防治 摘要 煤矿火灾是煤矿五大灾害之一，它不仅烧毁大量的煤炭资源，还造成人员伤亡和经 济损失，严重影响了煤矿的安全生产。煤矿发生火灾后会产生有毒有害气体和大量热量， 并形成火风压。风流在火灾动力的作用下，容易发生状态紊乱，从而造成巨大的损失。 自燃火灾占所有煤矿火灾的70%以上。因此，研究煤矿自燃火灾，对于煤矿的安全生产 以及社会的稳定有着重要的意义。另外，根据煤矿工作面的实际情况，研究自燃火灾的 综合防治技术，对制订合适的防灭火方案，快速高效的火灾防治也有着重大意义。 研究煤矿自燃火灾烟气流动是认识矿井自燃火灾规律、建立预测理论、开发防治技 术的基础。本文通过分析自燃火灾烟气发生、发展过程的规律，建立了自燃火灾时期烟 气流动的的数学模型和物理模型。本文利用 CFX 软件设置边界条件和初始参数，模拟火 灾烟气流动，分析通风条件对烟气流动的影响，得出以下结论：煤矿发生自燃火灾后， 在没有通风的情况下，燃烧产生的烟气会对称流动，从中间往两侧同时流动；在有通风 的条件下，随着风速的增加，烟气向风流入口处流动的速度减慢，直至不流动。 本文还以某煤矿的综放工作面为对象研究了自燃火灾的综合防治技术。结合工作面 的实际情况，根据煤样升温氧化实验结果，决定加强工作面自燃发火预测预报，采用注 氮和灌浆为主，阻化剂防火和氮气泡沫灭火等技术相结合的自燃综合防治技术，以防治 综放工作面自燃发火，也为极软、高瓦斯突出、易自燃特厚煤层的自燃火灾防治提供了 一定的经验。 关键词：自燃火灾，烟气流动，数值模拟，防灭火技术 II II The smoke flow simulation and prevention of spontaneous combustion in coal mine ABSTRACT Fire is one of five major disasters in coal mine. It’s not only burn a lot of coal resources, but also cause casualties and economic losses, affecting the coal mine production safety seriously. Fire produces a large amount of poisonous gas and heat, then formation fire wind pressure. Under the influence of fire wind pressure, air is easily to be disturbed, even the air in the whole ventilation system. These phenomena cause heavy losses. Spontaneous fire has taken 70％in the total of mine fire．Therefore，the research of mine spontaneous combustion has significant value for the mine safety and social stabilization．In addition, it has great significance for formulating appropriate fire-fighting plan to research the prevention and control technology of spontaneous combustion according to the characteristics of the coal mine. The research of the rule of smoke flow in the mine fire is the basis of cognizing the law of mine spontaneous fire，building the theory of prediction，doing the technology of prevention and cure research．By analyzing and summarizing the law of smoke occurrence and development，the mathematical model and physical model of smoke flow during fire are established. The boundary condition