薄煤层液压支架的设计_毕业设计论文.doc

薄煤层液压支架的设计 摘 要 随着煤炭资源的日益减少，如何更好的实现对薄煤层的开采成为了一个重要话题。在我国西南部的很多矿区，薄煤层已经成为主采煤层。液压支架作为煤矿开采的重要支护设备，在保证工人的人身安全的同时，还要提高煤矿的生产效率。因此，研制高质高效的薄煤层液压支架具有重要的意义。 传统的液压支架使用两柱或四柱支撑，工作阻力小，而且四连杆机构设计起来十分困难，最终只能用近似的双纽线实现顶梁端部的运动，顶梁仍然有倾向煤壁的趋势。本文设计的液压支架采用八根立柱支撑，支护阻力大，取消了四连杆机构，用立柱的液压力抵抗水平力，是液压支架设计方法的巨大进步。 本文设计的内容主要包括：顶梁、底座、前梁、立柱等关键部件的结构设计，建立液压支架的三维模型，实现运动仿真，最后进行有限元分析校核关键部件的强度。设计的过程中参考了现有液压支架结构设计的优点，如顶梁的箱形结构、底座的底分式结构等。 本设计的主要创新点在于：八根立柱对顶板实现密集支护，不仅提高了支护阻力，而且可以通过更换不同缸径的悬浮式立柱，实现支架的模块化设计、 集成化装配和规模化生产，大大缩短了生产和检测周期，加快了我国综采机械化生产进程。薄煤层液压支架一般采用邻架控制，为了减少管路上的压力损失，方便人员的操作，设计了一种先导控制的液压系统，对液压支架液压系统的设计具有一定的参考价值。 关键词：液压支架； 超静定结构； 运动仿真； 有限元分析 ABSTRACT With the decrease of the coal resources, how to mine the thin coal seam better became an important topic. In the southwest of China, the thin coal seam has been the mainly mining area. Hydraulic support as the important supporting equipment in coal mining, not only to ensure the safety of workers, but also to improve production efficiency of coal mine. Therefore, the development of the high quality and high efficient hydraulic support in thin coal seam has vital significance. The traditional hydraulic support using two or four hydraulic pillars support the roof of coal seam, the force of the support is small, and the design of four bar linkage is very difficult. Because the movement of the top beam can only realize with approximate Double new line, there are still a tendency of coal wall trend. This paper introduces the design of hydraulic support adopted eight hydraulic pillars, cancelled four bar linkage, using the hydraulic pressure resist level force. The design method of hydraulic support is a great progress. The main of this paper introduce: The structure of top beam, base beam, front beam and hydraulic pillars and other key parts of the hydraulic support, build hydraulic supports 3 d model to realize the movement simulation, use finite element analysis to analyse the structure strength of key parts. The design process of the hydraulic support refe