西安交通大学医学院内分泌系统疾病课件 Introduction to endocrinology.pptVIP

Introduction to endocrinology By. Guo Hui Contents Overview f the endocrine system Players in the endocrine system Mechanisms of hormone action The regulation of hormone secretion Mechanisms of endocrine disease Principles for the diagnosis of endocrine disorders Management of endocrine disorders Endocrine Endocrine means the control of physiology via chemical signals named hormones from one part of the body to another Target cell undergoes a biological response to the chemical signals (hormones) Players in the endocrine system Endocrine glands Hormones Receptors Binding globulins Target tissues Players in the endocrine system Endocrine glands: Organs (or tissues) that synthesize and secrete hormones. Secretion often regulated by negative feedback Hormones Receptors Binding globulins Target tissues Human Endocrine Glands Players in the endocrine system Endocrine glands Hormones Chemicals that travel through the blood and induce cellular responses in target tissues via receptors 2 major groups: Protein Steroid Receptors Binding globulins Target tissues Players in the endocrine system Endocrine glands Hormones Receptors Proteins in target tissue cells that bind hormone at one site and initiate cellular response at another 2 kinds: 1) membrane embedded in membrane extracellular end binds hormone intracellular end initiates cell signaling cascade used by protein hormones 2) nuclear inside cell when bound, interacts directly with DNA used by steroid hormones Binding globulins Target tissues Players in the endocrine system Endocrine glands Hormones Receptors Binding globulins Large proteins in blood Bind to steroids Allow long-distance transport Help regulate biologically active hormone levels Target tissues Players in the endocrine system Endocrine glands Hormones Receptors Binding globulins Target tissues Tissues that express receptors for hormone being considered Endocrine target cells Target cells respond to