论民间法的合理性及局限性-法律(法学)专业论文.docx

I I 论民间法的合理性及局限性 中文摘要 民间法是一个与国家法相对应的概念，在我国的法治建设过程中，人们习惯于重视国 家立法机关的作用，而忽略了民间法的作用。实际上，民间法是一种广泛存在于社会生活 中的行为规则，它是一种“活的法律”，它是在治理国家、解决社会问题的过程中逐渐沉 积而成的。民间法可以在国家法与乡土社会之间充当润滑剂的作用，它的存在有其合理性， 能够在社会主义法治建设中发挥重要的作用。当然，民间法也存在缺陷，有与现代法治精 神不相匹配的地方，因此，扬其所长，避其所短，才能最大化的发挥它的作用。本文主要 分为四个部分： 第一部分，介绍“外嫁女” 案和村规民约案，通过争议的焦点引出民间法存在的依据 和发挥作用的机制，唤起人们对于什么是民间法的思考，进而引导人们在建设法治国家的 过程中，应当重视民间法的作用。 第二部分，从民间法的含义入手，根据其含义分析民间法的特征，并且，把民间法和 国家法加以比较，阐述民间法在现代法治建设中存在的合理性和正当性，形成对民间法的 初步认识。 第三部分，分析民间法在法律适用过程中的依据，包括法律依据、理论依据和现实依 据。通过这三个方面的详细分析，从而明确民间法为什么能够在法治建设中发挥作用，这 一部分是本文的重点。 第四部分，主要介绍民间法的局限性。民间法尽管自身存在很多的优点，但同时，其 也具有一定的局限。这同样是从民间法的定义中衍生出来的。这部分的作用就是帮助我们 理性看待民间法，理性看待民间法的存在价值。 关键词：民间法 合理性 法律适用 局限性 II II Folk law s rationality and limitation Abstract Folk law is a state law and the corresponding concept in our country, the process of building the rule of law, people used to pay attention to the national legislature, while ignoring the role of folk law. In fact, the folk law is wide in the society s rules of conduct, he is a living law, he is in the people’s daily life. He can be at the national law and local society and served as a lubricant, its existence has its rationality. It can be in the building of the socialist legal system and play an important role in it. At the same time, he has some shortcomings, and the existence of the modern spirit of law is not matched to the place, for this, we should be determined to abandon it, and carry its advantages. This paper is mainly divided into four parts: the first part is mainly through married women case and village in the case of several controversial to refer to folk law s existence and role of the mechanism, arouse people to think what folk law is ,and guide people to think of the importance of folk law in the construction . Finally, from another side, try to think of the shortages of the folk law. The second part is to hold the private law. From the meaning of folk law, according to the meaning of folk law’s feature, eventually, we put the folk law and national f