一类神经场方程的脉冲行波解.pdfVIP

摘 要 神经场模型在描述一系列神经生物现象的动力学机制方面起着重要的作用, 其可以 表现出孤立子行波与脉冲、定常脉冲、空间局部化振荡、螺旋波及图灵状斑图等时空动 力学性态, 在初级视觉皮层的方向调谐、短时记忆、头部方向控制及运动知觉等方面有 着广泛的应用. 本文主要对关联函数为多参数振荡衰减函数, 增益函数为非饱和分段线性函数的神 经场方程的脉冲行波解进行研究. 首先, 利用傅立叶变换及其反变换将神经场方程转化为等价的不同区间上形式不同, 但满足一定边界条件的高阶常微分方程, 并就增益函数为 Heaviside 函数情形, 先对相 应的边值问题进行求解, 然后利用定常脉冲解的特点得到了一个脉冲函数, 通过对这个 脉冲函数极值的分析得到了定常脉冲解的存在性. 其次, 进一步对耦合函数的参数进行限制, 给出了此时定常单脉冲解存在的一个充 分条件, 通过数值模拟, 我们提出了一个定常单脉冲解存在的充要条件的猜想; 随后通过 对扰动后方程的线性化, 得到某个紧线性算子, 通过对这个线性算子特征值的分析, 得 出了相应定常单脉冲解的线性稳定性. 和现有参考文献相比, 本文对耦合函数的参数的 限制有所放松, 所得定常单脉冲解的存在性及其线性稳定性结论是相关结果的推广与改 进. 最后, 对多参数振荡衰减关联函数情形的神经场方程给出了行波解的存在性及其波 速刻画. 关键词: 神经场方程定常脉冲解 行波解 存在性 稳定性 I Analysis of the dynamical mechanisms underlying spatially structured activity states in neural tissue is crucially important for understanding a wide range of neurobiological phenomena, both naturally occurring and pathological. Neural field models can exhibit a rich repertoire of spatiotemporal dynamics, including solitary traveling fronts and pulses, stationary pulses and spatially localized oscillations(breaters), spiral waves and Turing- like patterns. In recent years, neural fields have been used to model orientation tuning in primary visual cortex, short term working memory, control of head direction, motion perception and so on. We mainly studied the standing pulse solution of neural field equation with multi- parameter oscillatory connection functions and nonsaturating piecewise-linear gain func- tion. First of all, we transformed the neural field equation into higher order ordinary differential equation(ODE) with Fourier transform and its inverse transform, while the ODE had different forms in different section, but satisfied some boundary conditions. Then we worked with the boundary value problem(BVP) when the gain function was