COMSOL海洋传送.pdfVIP

Vol 448 | 12 July 2007 | doi:10.1038/nature05962 LETTERS Spreading rate dependence of gravity anomalies along oceanic transform faults 1 2 2 ´ 2 Patricia M. Gregg , Jian Lin , Mark D. Behn Laurent G. J. Montesi Mid-ocean ridge morphology and crustal accretion are known to intersections bounding Siqueiros display overshooting ridge tips16 depend on the spreading rate of the ridge. Slow-spreading mid- typical of ridge transform intersections at magmatically robust ridge ocean-ridge segments exhibit significant crustal thinning towards segments (Supplementary Figs 2–5). In contrast, the 70-km-long transform and non-transform offsets1–12, which is thought to arise Atlantis transform at 30u N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is slipping at 21 from a three-dimensional process of buoyant mantle upwelling ,2.4 cm yr and contains a single strike–slip fault zone (Fig. 1b). and melt migration focused beneath the centres of ridge seg- The ridge segments adjacent to the Atlantis transform display slow- ments1,2,4–7,9,10,12. In contrast, fast-spreading mid-ocean ridges are spreading rift valleys and a wide range of axial depths. characterized by smaller, segment-scale variations in crustal thick- As seen in previous gravity studies of the Atlantis transform2,7,17, ness, which reflect more uniform mantle upwelling beneath the more negative RMBA is associated with adjacent ridge segment cen- ridge axis13–15. Here we present a systematic study of the residual tres (up to ,80 mGal