系统解剖学之女性生殖系统英文版.pptVIP

可编辑 可编辑 The Reproductive System（生殖系统）——Perineum（会阴） Class 3 --张瑞洋 1.Perineum Narrow sence of perineum The narrow sence of perineum refers to the area often be used clinically which includes the area between external genitalia and anus.For female,it also be called obstetric perineum. When the dystocia happens,we should use lateral episiotomy.If not , it will cause laceration of perineum and gatism. 狭义会阴即是临床常称的会阴，系指外生殖器和肛门之间狭小区域的软组织。在女性也称产科会阴。 婴儿难产时，应采用会阴侧切。若否，会造成撕裂伤，严重者会导致大小便失禁 Broad sence of perineum Broad sence of perineum refers to all of the soft tissues under the pelvic diaphragm and seal the inferior pelvic aperture.Its diamond-shaped and shares the same edge of the inferior pelvic aperture.Which in front of it is the lower edge of the symphysis pubis and the arcuate pubic ligament and both sides of it is pubic arch, ischial tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament. At the back of it there is apex of coccyx. 1.Perineum 广义会阴 —封闭小骨盆下口的所有软组织，呈菱形 其前界为耻骨联合下缘 后界为尾骨尖 两侧为耻骨下支、坐骨支、坐骨结节和骶结节韧带。 Urogenital region Anal region 2.The muscle of perineum 1.Levator ani: Its a pair of wild plat muscles from the back of the pubic bone and the ischial spine and the tendinous arch of levator ani between them,goes down inside,to perineal central tendon and coccyx etc.Theres a triangula space in zhe front of them which is called the hole of pelvic diaphragm. Most of pelvic floor is made up of levator ani,and each side of levator ani consists of pubococcygeus ,iliococcygrus and puborectalis from the inside front to the outside back. 1.肛提肌：一对宽的扁肌，起自耻骨后面和坐骨棘及张于两者之间的肛提肌腱弓，向下内，止于会阴中心腱和尾骨等，两侧肛提肌前份留有三角形的裂隙，称为盆膈裂孔。 肛提肌构成骨盆底的大部分，每侧肛提肌自前内向后外依次为耻尾肌，髂尾肌和耻骨直肠肌且起最重要的支撑作用。 THANK YOU SUCCESS * * 可编辑 The muscle of perineum 2.Coccygeus（尾骨肌） : Its at the back of levator ani which is from ischial spine to the edge of sacrum and coccyx 位于肛提肌后方，起于坐骨棘，止于骶，尾骨的两侧缘。 function：Help to seal the inferior pelvic aperture ，support organs in pelvis and fix sacrum and coccyx. 作用：协助封