英语国家概况(澳大利亚).pptVIP

Chapter 16Australia Geography History Geography Location and Size Geographic Regions Climate Major Cities Location Size Geographic Region Mount Kosciuszko(科修斯科山) Southwest in Canberra of new south wales The highest point in Australia and Oceania 2228 meters above sea level Poland explorer schmitz, lai kay found the mountain in 1839, and the polish hero named after (1746-1817). Murray-Darling Basin(墨累达令流域) 3370 kilometers long, watershed covers one 7 of the land area of Australia, is Australias most important agricultural area. The name of this river basin is from the basins two major rivers, the Murray and darling rivers. Lake Eyre(艾尔湖) The lowest point in the country Some 12 meters below sea level Climate Climate 3、Australia is widely known as the Dry Continent due to its low rainfall.The aridity of Australia stems from its proximity to the equator. 4、The hot and dry conditions of Australia bring about recurring droughts across the country. The 1895 to 1903 drought is considered Australis worst draught in terms of severity and scale. History Early History Discovery and Exploration European Settlement Colonization The Road Toward Federation Australia in the 20th Century European Settlement Causes: the industrial revolution transformed the country from a largely rural society almost entirely dependent on agriculture to a town-centered one engaged increasingly in commercial manufacturing. However, the rapid population growth in London and other areas also brought about various social problems. The rising crime rate compelled Britain to find somewhere to house the population of its overcrowded prisons. Colonization New colonies: new south Wales(1788), Tasmania(1852), western Australia(1830), south Australia(1836), Victoria(1851), Queensland(1859) Growth of sheep grazing: both farming and mining industries underwent rapid development. Large-scale grazing also developed in the 1830s and 1840s when new settlers established huge sheep runs. Gold rush