单螺杆发动机空气动力系统能效分析-机械工程学报.pdf

第 47 卷第 6 期 机 械 工 程 学 报 Vol.47 No.6 2011 年 3 月 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Mar. 2011 DOI ：10.3901/JME.2011.06.150 单螺杆发动机空气动力系统能效分析* 何 为 吴玉庭 马重芳 庄荟燕 (北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院 北京 100124) 摘要：为探究单螺杆发动机气动汽车动力系统的能效利用情况，以获得系统较高的能效利用率，主要采用㶲分析方法，并结 合非稳流变质量系统的热力学理论，研究系统流程中各环节的能量损失及输出功情况，并重点分析排气压力对能效分配的影 响。研究结果表明：采用低排气压有益于动力系统质量利用率及总能量利用率的提高；对于基本的气动汽车动力系统结构， 系统质量利用率高于 90%，但系统㶲效率却较低，这主要是由于节流减压和尾气排放过程中产生大量的能量损失，其中，减 压阀节流过程产生的损耗约占系统总能量的一半。因此，如何降低节流减压和尾气排放过程这两个关键环节的能量损耗，尤 其降低减压过程的能耗，是提高气动汽车动力系统能效利用率的重要方向。 关键词：单螺杆 发动机 气动汽车 能效分析 中图分类号：TK123 TQ021.2 O414.1 Energy Efficiency Analysis for Air-powered Vehicle System Based on Single-screw Engine HE Wei WU Yuting MA Chongfang ZHUANG Huiyan (College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124) Abstract ：To know energy efficiency utilization and obtain a high capacity usage ratio for the air power system based on single-screw engine, the energy loss for each process and the total output work are analyzed, also the influence of exhaust pressure on energy distribution is studied emphatically by taking energy analysis method and thermodynamic theory concerning non-steady flow with variable mass system. The results indicate that adopting low exhaust pressure is good for increasing the mass and energy utilization efficiency of the power system. The mass utilization ratio is more than 90 percent while energy efficiency is low, which is due to great energy losses during decompression and exhaust process. Where, the energy loss produced during decompression process takes more than half of the total energy. Therefore, how to reduce the energy loss