材料表面与界面(1).pptVIP

材料的表面与界面Surfaces and Interfaces in Materials 任课教师：　耿林　教授 哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院 第1章 前言 主要参考文献： (1)李恒德，肖纪美，材料表面与界面，清华大学出版社。 (2)叶恒强，材料界面结构与特性,科学出版社, 1999。 (3)胡福增，陈国荣，杜永娟，材料表界面，华东理工大学出版社，2007。 (4)James M. Howe, Interfaces in Materials, A Wiley-interscience Publication,1997. (5)Hans Luth, Surfaces and Interfaces of Solid Materials, Springer, 1995. (6)D. Wolf and S. Yip, Materials Interfaces, Chapman Hall, 1992. 固态界面的定义: A solid interface is defined as a small number of atomic layers that separate two solids in intimate contact with one another, where the properties differ significantly form those of the bulk materials it separates. 1.1 序 固态界面的特点: ● Some of the most important properties of materials in high-technology applications are strongly influenced or even controlled by the presence of solid interfaces. ● It is widely appreciated that a highly interdisciplinary approach holds the greatest promise for providing novel insights into the fundamental physical, chemical, electronic, and mechanical processes at solid interfaces. ● The importance of interface materials is based primarily on their inherent inhomogeneity, i.e. the fact that physical properties at or near an interface can differ dramatically from those of the nearby bulk material. ● An approach utilizing the complementary capabilities of computer simulation and experiment seems to be particularly promising in the investigation of structure-property correlations. 固态界面的分类: One can imagine many ways of classifying interfacial systems, for example, by distinguishing commensurate from incommensurate system, coherent from incoherent interfaces, homophase (grain boundary) materials from heterophase (dissimilar- material) interfaces, or internal interfaces from thin-film-type systems. The latter distinction between buried interfaces and systems composed of thin-film-type interfaces appears to be particularly meaningful for two reasons: first, because o