定语从句专升本.ppt

定语从句 07年24题单选， 09年17题单选， 09年25题单选， 10年24题单选， 11年21题单选， 11年23题单选, 12年22题单选。 一、基础概念 1.修辞名词,代词或动名词的部分称为定语。 Eg：a beautiful girl(形容词作前置定语) a girl in white(介词短语作后置定语) The host whom I like most in happy camp is xiena. 2.被修饰词被称为先行词，连接先行词和定语从 句的词叫关系词。 3.定语从句复合句结构：主句+先行词+关系词+定从。 Eg：I cannot forget the day when I graduated. 分析句中的关系词和先行词 The man who robbed him has been arrested. The girl whom I saw told me to come back today. That is the best hotel (that) I know. These are the books (which) you ordered. That is the place where we met yesterday. That is the reason why we do it. 二、定语从句分类 1.限定性定语从句：拿掉定语从句后意思变化。没逗号，翻译为“……的”。 2.非限定性定语从句：拿掉定语从句后意思不变化。无逗号，拆开翻译成两句话。 Eg：I have a sister who is a nurse.我有一个护士的妹妹。 I have a sister, who is a nurse.我有一个妹妹，她是护士。 3.非限定性定语从句指前面整句话。 Eg：Eight passengers died in the traffic accident which was known by everyone.8个人死在了大家都知道的那场车祸中 Eight passengers died in the traffic accident, which was known by everyone.8个人死在了那场车祸中，大家都知道这件事 （09年17题） She is a writer,____is known to all. A.that B.what C.this D.which D 三、关系词的分类 samples I like the girl who/that is a teacher. I like the girl whom/that everyone likes. I like the girl whose hair (the hair of whom) is black. I like the dog which/that is very little. I like the dog which/that she sent to me. I like the dog whose eyes (the eyes of which) are very big. samples That is the place where I met him yesterday. That is the reason why we do it. I cannot forget the day when I graduated. 1.区别：关系代词在定语从句中作主要成分，而关系副词在定语从句不作主要成分，而作状语。什么是作主要成分，什么是不做成分？ 英语中的六种基本句型 主+系+表 eg:（A be B） 主+不及物动词 (A go) 主+及物动词+宾 (A do B) 主+及物动词+双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语) (A give B C) 主+及物动词+复合宾语（宾补） (A ask B to do C) There be (there be A) 除了上诉六种句型外，如果介词后面没有宾语也算是成分不完整，关系词要作成分。 （in A） 当关系词在定语从句中作A或B或C时，就是在定语从句中作成分。 分析关系词在定语从句中的成分 I like the girl who/that is a teacher. I like the girl whom/that everyone likes. I like the dog which/that i