大坝模型试验的光纤传感变形监测_朱鸿鹄.docVIP

第 27卷 第 6期 岩石力学与工程学报 V ol.27 No.6 2008年 6月 Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and EngineeringJune , 2008大坝模型试验的光纤传感变形监测 朱鸿鹄 1, 殷建华 1, 张 林 2, 董建华 2, 冯嘉伟 1, 靳 伟 3 (1. 香港理工大学 土木及结构工程学系,香港; 2. 四川大学 水利水电学院,四川 成都 610065; 3. 香港理工大学 电机工程学系,香港 摘要:考虑到大坝模型试验中内部变形难以监测的现状, 研制了一种新型的基于光纤布拉格光栅 (FBG技术的光纤 传感器。这种传感器为圆棒式结构,其表面沿轴向安装了准分布式的光纤布拉格光栅。对于大坝物理模型,该传 感器可预埋入坝体和坝基的内部。当大坝受到油压千斤顶荷载产生变形时,该传感器类似于一根一端固定并同时 受轴向拉、压和横向弯曲的弹性梁。根据弯梁原理,由光纤布拉格光栅测得的应变结果可反算出大坝沿水平向和 竖向的位移分布。室内标定试验结果表明,该传感器测得的变形量与其他常规传感器的读数一致。在一个二维混 凝土重力坝物理模型的超载破坏试验中,采用预埋于坝体、坝基内部的光纤传感器以及表面安装式位移计、电阻 应变花对该模型进行实时的变形监测。试验结果验证了该光纤传感器在大坝模型内部变形监测中的有效性,同时 也揭示了大坝在超载作用下的变形机制和破坏形态。 关键词:水利工程;光纤传感器;光纤布拉格光栅 (FBG;模型试验;变形;监测;大坝 中图分类号:TV 321 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000– 6915(200806– 1188– 07 DEFORMATION MONITORING OF DAM MODEL TEST BY OPTICAL FIBER SENSORS ZHU Honghu1, YIN Jianhua1, ZHANG Lin2, DONG Jianhua2, FUNG Kawai1, JIN Wei3 (1. Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China ; 2. School of Water Resources and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu , Sichuan 610065, China ; 3. Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China Abstract :In consideration of the difficulty of monitoring internal deformation in dam model tests, a new optical fiber sensor based on fiber Bragg grating(FBG technology has been developed. Quasi-distributed FBGs are installed on a slender bar(circular cross-section along axial direction to make an FBG sensing bar. For the dam physical model in this study, FBG sensing bars can be embedded in predrilled holes within the dam structure and the dam foundation. When the dam is loaded by hydraulic jacks and dam deformations occur, the sensing bar works like an elastic beam under arbitrary transverse and axial loading. According to the bending beam theory, the distribution of both horizontal and vertical displacements can be calculated from the strains measured by the FBGs. The two sensing bars used in the test were calibrated in the labo