多聚物修饰碳载钯电催化剂的制备及性能研究.doc

沈阳理工大学学士学位论文 PAGE PAGE II 摘 要 直接乙醇燃料电池（DEFC）是近年来新开发的一类燃料电池，对乙醇的电催化研究无论是在基础研究还是在应用方面的都有重要的价值。开发出高性能的乙醇电催化剂已成为直接乙醇燃料电池的研究重点。 本文用多聚物，即聚二烯二甲基氯化铵溶液（PDDA）和壳聚糖修饰Pd/C制备出新型电催化剂，经氧电极极化实验证明这种新的催化剂提高了醇类阳极氧化的催化活性。并且考察了加入的多聚物的先后顺序、用量以及使用不同碳载体对所制备的电催化剂性能的影响。实验采用了循环伏安法对电催化剂进行测试。极化曲线和衰减曲线的结果表明，对于乙醇的氧化，当以XC-72为载体，先于金属Pd加入PDDA，且Pd与PDDA的质量比为1:0.2时Pd/C-PDDA电催化剂的性能最好。说明加入适量的PDDA能改善催化剂的性能。 关键词：直接乙醇燃料电池；PDDA；壳聚糖；Pd/C-PDDA电催化剂 Abstract Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell (DEFC) has been intensively researched and developed to a new kind of fuel cell in recent years. It has a significant value to study on electro-catalysis of ethanol, not only the aspect of fundamental research but the aspect of practical application. It is necessary to develop new catalysts with high performance for electro-oxidation of ethanol. In this paper, A novel Pd electro-catalyst is developed by self-assembly of Pd nanopartilces on carbon support which were functionalized by polymer including poly-diene dimethyl ammonium chloride (PDDA) and chitosan. Oxygen electrode polarization experiments show that the new type of catalysts improved the catalytic activity of alcohols anodizing. The order and content of the addition of Pd and polymer, the use of different carbon carriers are also investigated to show the impact on the performance of electro-catalyst. The as-synthesized new type electro-catalyst were characterized by cyclic voltammetry techniques in the experiment. When When XC-72 as the carrier, adding PDDA prior to Pd, polarization curves and decay curves show that the best performance of Pd/C-PDDA electro-catalyst for ethanol oxidation with the mass ratio of Pd and PDDA is 1:0.2. It shows that adding appropriate amount of PDDA can improve the performance of catalysts. Key words: DEFC; PDDA; chitosan; Pd/C-PDDA electro-catalyst 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \u 摘 要 I Abstract II 1 绪论 1 1.1 燃料电池概述 1 1.1.1 燃料电池的工作原理 1 1.1.2 燃料电池的优点 2 1.1.3 燃料电池的分类 3 1.1.4 燃料电池的应用 4 1.2 直接醇类燃料电池 4 1.2.1 直接乙醇燃