无线系统的微波与射频设计9.ppt

Modulation Techniques Comparing with transmitting baseband signal directly, to transmit data by modulating a higher frequency carrier wave has the effect on: Amplitude Frequency Phase ①more efficient use of the radio spectrum. ②usually requires less power. CDMA ③over a fading communications channel. ④more compatible with the use of error correcting codes. §9.1 Analog Modulation Basic analog modulation: AM (SSB, DSB), FM, PM 1. Signal-Sideband Modulation The demodulator LO is identical in frequency and phase with the modulator LO-synchronous or coherent demodulator. Input signal power: 2. DSB-SC Modulation Conclusion: the DSB-SC demodulator improves the input signal-to-noise ratio by a factor of two. 3. DSB-LC Modulation Advantage: the carrier signal can be used as a reference signal to phase-look the local oscillator to synchronization with the incoming signal. m: modulation index 4. Envelope Detection of DSB-LC Modulation Advantage of DSB-LC: can be detected by using an envelope detector, without a LO and mixer, results in a much simple receiver circuit, such as broadcast AM radio. Serious distortion for small Si/Ni SNR If |m|1 over modulation, it will not correctly recover the modulating waveform. 5. Frequency Modulation (FM) Application: Broadcast radio, television sound, two-way voice radio, AMPS cellular telephone system. Carson’s rule For the equal transmit power Conclusion: FM allows an improvement in SNR at the expense of increased bandwidth, while AM does not. §9.2 Binary Digital Modulation Amplitude shift keying (ASK) Frequency shift keying (FSK) Phase shift keying (PSK) 1. Binary Signals 2. Amplitude Shift Keying Synchronous demodulation: Envelope detection noncoherent, no LO 3. Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) Δω --frequency deviation IF ω=ω1, the up branch output: 1/2 The down branch output: 0 IF ω=ω2, the up branch output: 0 The down branch output: 1/2 reverse phase It requires two coher