《医院病房监护系统》.pptVIP

Use Case图主要用于描述系统和外部环境的关系。 Use Case：对系统提供的功能的一种描述。(A use case describes behavior that the system exhibits to benefit one or more actors.) Actor：是可能使用这些Use Case的人或外部系统。(Actors are roles adopted by things that interact directly with system. A role is like a hat that something wears in a particular context.) 系统边界：Use Case在内，Actor在外； 用例之间的关系：《extend》、《include》、 Generalization Use Case（用例）图简介 用例图示例 PlaceOrder CancleOrder CheckOrderStatus RequestCatalog ShipProduct Mail order system actor communication relationship Subject name system boundary use case Customer ShippingCompany Dispatcher 用例图示例 Actor与Use Case间的连线称为通信关联，表示Actor与相应Use Case的交互。 无论有无箭头，通信关联都表示双向会话，箭头表示Actor触发Use Case。 类图应用最广，可在各个层次上描述系统的静态结构。 方框表示类：上面写类名，中间是类的属性，下面是类的操作。 关联（Association）：关联关系表示类的实例之间存在某种稳定的联系。 对象图是类图的一种变形，对象名下面要加下划线。 类图/对象图简介 类的表述形式： ＋：public －：private ＃：protected 关联关系： A Class in UML Class name Attributes Operators An Object in UML object name and class Class Relationships in UML Generalization Dependency Association These can represent inheritance, using, aggregation, etc. Example class diagram Association Structural relationship between peer classes (or objects). Association can have a name and direction, or be bi-directional Role names for each end of the association Multiplicity of the relationship Examples of Association Association code example class Person { public: private: Company *employer; }; class Company { public: private: Person **employee; }; Each instance of Person has a pointer to its employer Each instance of Company has a collection of pointers denoting its employees Link Attributes Associations may have properties in the same manner as objects/classes. Salary and job title can be represented as Aggregation (聚合/共享聚集) A part of relationship (physical containment) class ProjectGroup { public: ProjectGroup(); private: Person member[n]; }; Composition (组合，组合聚集) Aggregation vs Composition Aggregation is a shared containment. Many other classes