首字母之词难想-中考.docxVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 阅读四选一和首字母之词难想 【知识梳理】 1．一、阅读理解细节题 细节题就是指那些针对文章细节描写或与文章情节发展相关的事实所设置的问题。这类题主要测试考生获取信息及对文章所提供信息的理解能力。阅读最基本的要求是“能从一般性文章中获取和处理主要信息”。对这种“获取和处理主要信息”能力的考查，主要采用的方式就是细节判断。这类题在阅读理解题中占据半壁江山，做好这类题是确保基础分的关键。同时，弄清细节，正确获取信息，也是把握文章主旨的前提。因此，要特别重视做好这类题。 二、阅读理解细节题设题方式 此类题型多数以特殊疑问词设问，设问的检测点针对某一具体行为、地点、时间、原因、方式、数量等。细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。 此类考查事实和细节的题目大多数是针对文章的细节设计的，其主要提问方式是： 1. True or NOT true 是非判断类 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? Which of the following statements is NOT true? Which of the following is NOT considered as ……？ According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the reasons for ……？ Which of the following statements is right? 2. 特殊疑问词提问类 How many ……？ What/who/when/where/how/why ……？ 3. 表唯一细节概念题类型 ……the most / ~est ……the only …… 4. 排序题类型 Which of the orders is correct according to the passage? Choose the right order of this passage. 5. 例证题类型 The author gives the example in ……paragraph in order to …… 6. From this passage we know ________. 三、阅读理解细节题技巧点拨 仔细阅读文章后的问题，根据问题中的关键词或词组，以此作为线索，返回文章查找相关的句子，用相关的这个句子对照选项，意思一致的就是答案。 1. 题干定位法 细节题通常考查考生对于某些重要信息进行迅速、准确地寻找的能力。提问常常用特殊疑问词what, when, where, who, whose, how, why等引出。做这样的题，可以采用“题干定位法”，即先弄清楚题干问什么，一般为数字、大写或人名地名，然后通过scanning快速确定该细节在文中的出处（信息源），仔细对照题干要求，排除或选择。带着问题去读文章，目的明确，容易抓住文中与问题相关的信息点。命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的手法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A的观点说成B的观点等。所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。 例文1： It’s 2021. You feel sick, so you go to the doctor. She checks your fever, looks at your throat, and asks what you’re thinking these days. When you leave, she gives you some medicine, but also a list of thinking skills that you are supposed to practise daily. She says that the way you think is causing some of your illness. 1. According to the passage, when you leave the hospital, the doctor gives you some medicine and _______ as well. A. checks your fever B. looks at your throat C. tells you the reasons of your illne