AmericanSystemofGovernment美国政府结构.ppt

American System of Government American System of Government The Legislature (立法部门） The Executive （行政部门） The Judiciary （司法部门） The Legislature (立法部门） Congress （国会） the Senate (参议院） the House of Representatives （众议院） Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government. The Senate （参议院） The Senate has 100 voting members ,two from each of the 50 states. Requirements: 1.A Senator must be over 30 years old . 2.A resident (居民)in the state which they represent. 3.A Senator must have been a U.S. citizen for at least nine years. The House of Representatives（众议院） It has 435 voting members plus a non-voting representative from Puerto Rico(波多黎各），Guma(关岛) and the District of Columbia respectively. Requirements: 1.Must be at least 25 years old. 2.Must have been U.S. citizens for no less than seven years. The Executive （行政部门） The executive branch consists of 14 departments and many independent agencies. 1.The department heads called : secretaries (秘书处）. 2.Who is the chief of the executive branch? Key: the President The President The President really has enormous power. 1.The President has power to manage national affairs and the working of federal government. 2.The President controls American foreign policy. Q: Who is the official spokesperson for U.S. foreign policy ? Key: the Secretary of State（国务卿） 3.The President also holds significant influence in law-making. 4.The President can also influence the decision of federal courts. Question: Are the President’s powers unlimited ? Answer : NO He must ask Congress for every dollar his administration spends. He has to report to Congress on his military(军事的） actions abroad for approval. His nomination of (提名、任选) officials and his foreign treaties must be confirmed by the Senate. If he abuses his power or commits a crime , he may be impeached (弹劾）by Congress. The Judiciary（司法部门） The judiciary branch of the federal government consists of : 1. A