专题十二　词义猜测（讲解部分）.pptxVIP

高考英语 浙江专用专题十二 词义猜测方法技巧一、根据上下文的解释猜测词义词义猜测设题单词都是超出考纲词汇的单词,且经常在设题单词的下文会出现对该词或词组的解释和说明。只要我们能够正确理解上下文,准确把握解释和说明的信息,对词义的猜测准确率将会大大提高。例1　It will be very hard but also very brittle—that is, it will break easily.What does the underlined word mean?A.tall　　B.pretty　　C.fragile　　D.smooth分析　在文章出现一个不太常用的单词时,作者常常会在后面跟上相应的解释,我们可以根据其解释判断词义。此处根据后面的it will break easi-ly可知,这里的brittle意思就是“易碎的”,所以选fragile。 例2　I am Peter Hodes,a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, Ive done 89 trips—of those, 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者)to the time they can be implanted in the patient, weve got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time.I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washingtonthen back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said:“Well, Im really sorry, Ive got some bad news for you—there are no flights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said:“In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient—please, please, youve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, rerouted(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.For this courier job,youre consciously aware that in that box youve got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life.Which of the following can replace the underlined word“courier”in Paragraph 1?A.Provider.　　B.Delivery man.C.Collector.　　D.Medical doctor.分析　本题中,该设题的词courier是一个生词,但是,文章后面的故事和说明表明“我”的旅行就是运送干细胞,从而可以判断出该词的词义就是“delivery man”,意为“运送人”。二、根据上下文的特殊关系词猜测词义词义猜测设题的另一个重要方式是对应于相应的特殊关系,如转折、对比、递进等。在进行词义猜测的时候,我们可以根据目标词和上下文的这些特殊的关系词来进行判断。例　In an attempt to gr