可用性启发式原则 Usability Heuristics.ppt

Saul Greenberg 7. Provide shortcuts Experienced users - perform frequent operations quickly Strategies: – keyboard and mouse accelerators ? abbreviations ? command completion ? context menus ? function keys ? double clicking vs menu selection – type-ahead (entering input before the system is ready for it) – navigation jumps ? e.g., going to window/location directly, and avoiding intermediate nodes – history systems ? WWW: ~60% of pages are revisits Keyboard accelerators for menus Customizable toolbars and palettes for frequent actions Split menu, with recently used fonts on top Scrolling controls for sized increments Double-click raises object- specific menu Double-click raises toolbar dialog box Microsoft Powerpoint Alternate representation for quickly doing different set of tasks Toolset brought in appropriate to this representation Microsoft Powerpoint Saul Greenberg 8: Deal with errors in a positive manner People will make errors! Errors we make – Mistakes ? conscious deliberations lead to an error instead of correct solution – Slips ? unconscious behaviour gets misdirected en route to satisfying goal – e.g. drive to store, end up in the office ? shows up frequently in skilled behaviour – usually due to inattention ? often arises from similar actions Saul Greenberg Designing for slips General rules – prevent slips before they occur – detect and correct slips when they do occur – user correction through feedback and undo Saul Greenberg Types of slips Capture error – frequently done activity takes charge instead of one intended – occurs when common rarer actions have same initial sequence ? change clothes for dinner and find oneself in bed (William James, 1890) ? confirm saving of a file when you dont want to delete it – minimize by ? make actions undoable instead of confirmation ? allows reconsideration of action by user – e.g. open trash to undelete a file I cant b