生物力学(三角函数).pptxVIP

Basic Studying for BiomechanicsTrigonometry? degree VS. radian? ???? ????Contents??? (Trigonometry) ??? ( Trigonometric Ratio) ???? (Trigonometric Function) ???? ( Trigonometric Identities) ???? ( Law of Sines) ??? ?? ( Law of Cosines) ? ??? ?? vs. ??? ???/????20°44°30°130°68°68°20°44°30°68°+ 130°+ 68°180°180°Angles add to 180°The angles of a triangle always add up to 180°Here’s the anglewe are looking atRight trianglesWe only care about right trianglesA right triangle is one in which one of the angles is 90°Here’s a right triangle:Here’s theright anglehypotenuseoppositeadjacentWe call the longest side the hypotenuseWe pick one of the other angles--not the right angleWe name the other two sides relative to that angleThe Pythagorean TheoremIf you square the length of the two shorter sides and add them, you get the square of the length of the hypotenuseadj2 + opp2 = hyp232 + 42 = 52, or 9 + 16 = 25hyp = sqrt(adj2 + opp2)5 = sqrt(9 + 16)hypoppadj5-12-13There are few triangles with integer sides that satisfy the Pythagorean formula3-4-5 and itsmultiples (6-8-10, etc.)are the best known5-12-13 and its multiples form another set25 + 144 = 169hypotenusehypotenuseoppositeoppositeadjacentadjacentRatiosSince a triangle has three sides, there are six ways to divide the lengths of the sidesEach of these six ratios has a name (and an abbreviation)Three ratios are most used:sine = sin = opp / hypcosine = cos = adj / hyptangent = tan = opp / adjThe other three ratios are redundant with these and can be ignoredThe ratios depend on the shape of the triangle (the angles) but not on the sizeSpecial Right Triangles30° 45° 2 1 60° 45° 11 hypotenuseoppositeadjacentUsing the ratiosIf you know the angle marked in red (call it A) and you know the length of the adjacent side, thentan A = opp / adj, so length of opposite side is given by opp = adj * tan Acos A = adj / hyp, so length of hypotenuse is given by hyp = adj / cos ABcaACbWhen solving oblique triangles, simply using trigonome