【浙江师范大学2012年考研专业课真题】英语写作20122012.pdfVIP

浙江师范大学 2012 年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题 (A 卷) 科目代码 : 851 科目名称 : 英语写作 适用专业 : 050201 英语语言文学、 050211 外国语言学及应用语言学、 045108 学科教学 （英语） 提示： 1、请将所有答案写于答题纸上，写在试题纸上的不给分； 2、请填写准考证号后 6 位：____________。 I. Summary writing (40 marks). Read the following passage and sum up the main idea in no more than 120 words. Exceeding the word limit or copying the original sentenceswill result in a loss of marks. Bernstein regards language as something which both influences culture and is in turn influenced by culture. A child growing up in a particular linguistic environment and culture learns the language of that environment and that culture and then proceeds to pass on that learning to the next generation. Bernstein believes that there is a direct and reciprocal relationship between a particular kind of social structure, in both its establishment and its maintenance, and the way people in that social structure use language. Moreover, this relationship is a continuing one in that it is handed down from generation to generation. For Bernstein, a particular kind of social structure leads to a particular kind of linguistic behavior and this behavior in turn reproduces the original social structure. Consequently, a cycle exists in which certain social patterns produce certain linguistic patterns, which in turn reproduce the social patterns, and so on. Individuals also learn their social roles through the process of communication. This process differs from social group to social group, and, because it is different in each social group, existing role differences are perpetuated in society. What is of particular concern to Bernstein, therefore, are the quite different types of language that different social groups employ. He claims that there are two quite distinct varieties of language in use in society. He calls one varietyelabo