浙江高考英语阅读理解(主旨大意题)讲解及选练.pdfVIP

浙江2017高考英语阅读理解【主旨大意题】讲解及选练（含答案） 高考英语阅读理解常考点分析 阅读理解试题常采用以下四种题型： 1. 考查考生快速捕捉信息、处理信息的能力 (细节理解题)； 2. 考查考生对某个词或词语的理解能力 (词义猜测题) ； 3. 考查考生对文章主旨大意或段落大意的概括能力 (主旨大意题)； 4. 考查考生对文章的隐含意义、延伸意义的推理判断能力 (推理判断题) 。 【主旨大意题】 主旨大意题要求考生对全文的内容或某一段或某几段的内容加以合理的归纳，目的是检查对短 文整体或某一或某几个段落的理解概括能力。它可以是文章或段落中心的陈述，也可以是文章标题 的选择。有些文章尤其是说明文和议论文，往往有主题句表明中心思想。但有些文章，比如记叙文 往往没有明确的主题句，需要考生在认真体会，明确作者的意图的基础上来概括文章的中心。 【备考策略】 1. 注意主题段落和主题句的位置，特别是文章首段和结尾或段首和段尾； 2. 注意提炼文章的关键词，文章的关键词有时候会出现在正确选项中。 【干扰项特点】 1. 以偏概全。干扰项只阐述了文章的一部分内容，也就是文章的局部信息。 2. 主题扩大。干扰项所归纳、概括的范围过大，超过文章实际所讨论的内容。 3. 张冠李戴。命题者有意地把属于A 的特征放在B 的身上，构成一个干扰项。 4. 断章取义。干扰项常常以文章中的个别信息作为选项的设置内容，或者以次要的事实或细节 冒充全文的主要观点。 【真题回放】 A medium, in advertising talk, is the way you communicate your message. You might say that the first medium used in advertising was signs with symbols. The second medium was audio, o sound, although that term is not used exactly in the way we use it today. Originally, just the human voice and maybe some kind of simple instrument, such as a bell, were used to get people’s attention 1 A crier, in the historical sense, is not someone who weeps easily. It is someone, probably a man, with a voice loud enough to be heard over the other noises of city. In ancient Egypt, shopkeepers might hire such a person to spread the news about their products. Often this earliest form of advertising involved a newly arrived ship loaded with goods. Perhaps the crier described the goods, explained where they came from, and praised their quality. His jo was, in other words, not too different from a TV or radio commercial in today’s world. （2013 浙江卷阅读理解A篇） 45. The last two paragraphs are mainly about . A. the history of advertising B. the benefits of advertising C. the early forms of advertising D. the basic design of advertising