《工程方法_6 sigma_13.概率分布》.pptVIP

* * * * * * MPT Confidential Page * t Distribution分布 MPT Confidential Page * 让 X1 , X2 ,…, Xn 是be a random sample from a normal population distribution with mean m and standard deviation s. The statistic has a t distribution with n = n -1 degrees of freedom. Interactive Slide t Distribution分布 Compare against Z, we have replaced s using s in the T statistic. MPT Confidential Page * 故有一个 t 分布其自由度 n = n -1 Interactive Slide t Distribution分布 同 Z比较, 我们代替 s用 s 在 T 统计量 让 X1 , X2 ,…, Xn 是从一个均值m和标准偏差s(未知)的总体中抽取的随机样本,则统计量是 MPT Confidential Page * The precise form of the t distribution depends on the degree of uncertainty in s2, which is represented by the degrees of freedom n for s2. T分布的精确形状依靠于s2的不确定程度,其由S2的自由度来表示. When n is small, possibility of more variation in s2 results in greater probability of extreme deviations, and hence in a heavier tailed t distribution. 当自由度较小, s2的更多变异导致最终偏差的可能变化,因此得到一个大尾巴的 t 分布 When n tends towards infinity, there is no uncertainty in the estimate s2, and the t distribution becomes the standard normal distribution. 当自由度趋向于无穷大,计算值S2无不定度,T分布成为标准正态分布. t Distribution分布 Application Estimating ? based on`x when s is unknown Comparing ? vs ?0 应用 计算 ? 根据`x 当 s 已知 计算 ? 对?0 MPT Confidential Page * ?2 Distribution 卡方分布 MPT Confidential Page * Let X1 , X2 ,…, Xn be a random sample from a normal population distribution with mean m and standard deviation s. The statistic has a chi-square distribution with n = n -1 degrees of freedom, abbreviated c2n. Interactive Slide ?2 Distribution卡方分布 As n tends towards infinity, the c2n distribution becomes the standard normal distribution. MPT Confidential Page * 形成一个卡方分布,其自由度是 n = n -1, 简化为 c2n. Interactive Slide ?2 Distribution卡方分布 当n 趋向于无穷大时, c2n 分布成为标准正态分布. 让 X1 , X2 ,…, Xn 是从一个均值m和标准差s的总体中抽取的随机样本,则统计量是 MPT Confidential Page * ?2 Distribution卡方分布 Application estimating ?2 based on s2 comparing ?2 vs ?02 MPT Confidential Page * F Distribution F 分布 MPT Confidential Page * Let W and Y be independent c2 random