中级英语写作 (8).pdf

Unit 9 
 
 9.3 The Purpose of Summary The most important tools of writing: • scene: shows the specific, vivid details about what is currently happening on the page. • summary: condense events from a long period of time (days, months, years) into one paragraph. Summary (1)used to give large amounts of information about a character in a small space. ➢ large amounts of summary used at the beginning of a story or novel in order to introduce a character, their history, the background, or other similar information. Such, Such Were by Joys Soon after I arrived at St Cyprians (not immediately, but after a week or two, just when I seemed to be settling into the routine of school life) I began wetting my bed. I was now aged eight, so that this was a reversion to a habit which I must have grown out of at least four years earlier. Nowadays, I believe, bed-wetting in such circumstances is taken for granted. It is normal reaction in children who have been removed from their homes to a strange place. In those days, however, it was looked on as a disgusting crime which the child committed on purpose and for which the proper cure was a beating. For my part I did not need to be told it was a crime. Night after night I prayed, with a fervour never previously attained in my prayers, ‘Please God, do not let me wet my bed! Oh, please God, do not let me wet my bed!’, but it made remarkably little difference. Some nights the thing happened, others not. There was no volition about it, no consciousness. You did not properly speaking  do  the deed: you merely woke up in the morning and found that the sheets were wringing wet. Such, Such Were by Joys • An excellent example of summary: a problem the author faced upon being sent to an unpleasant, frightening boarding school as a child