现在完成时 初中中考考点.docVIP

现在完成时现在完成时结构： Have/has +动词的过去分词（past participle简称p.p） 动词的过去分词：规则不规则 He has cleaned his shoes. （规则） I have lost my passport.（不规则） 考点一：现在完成时的基本概念：表动作完成，对现在有影响 He has cleaned his shoes. (现在鞋子干净了) I have lost my passport.（现在找不到了） 真题(2011 呼和浩特) Both his parents look sad. Maybe they ____what’s happened to him. knew B. have known must know D. will know 考点二：与现在完成时连用的时间状语 already、yet、before、so far、ever、never I have I have already been to Shanghai. I have not been to Shanghai I have not been to Shanghai yet. Have you Have you ever been to Shanghai？ 对比的 真题(2010 山东淄博) ——Why don’t you want to see the dolphin show? -----I ____it before. A．see B. saw C. will see D. have seen 考点三：have been to（去过，已回） VS have gone to（去了，没回） Bill has been to Spain.（曾去过，现在回来了） They have gone out. (他们现在不在家) 真题（2011 山东淄博） ---May I speak to Miss Wang？ ---Sorry. She isn’t in. She _____to HK. A has been B. has gone C. goes D. went 考点四：与一般过去时的区别 （确切时间 VS 模糊时间） I finished my homework two minutes ago. The letter didn’t arrive yesterday. I have already finished my homework. The letter hasn’t arrived yet. 真题（2011 湖南长沙） ----Have you ever been to Shanghai？ ----Yes. I ____ there a few months ago. have been B. went C. have gone D. been 考点五：现在完成时的用法：表现在的动作“延续”到现在 现在完成时表“延续”的条件 条件一：谓语要表示“延续” I have married for over a year.×（短暂动词） I have lived here for three years.√(延续动词)（表示时间段的 状语连用）for+ 时间for 2? years; ?since+时间点名词,since last year leave?--- be? away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have, begin/start --- be on, die --- be? dead, finish --- be over,? join--- be on+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构, open sth --- keep sth open, fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up, come here --- be here, go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in), leave --- be away from, get to know --- know, go (get) out →be out， put on→ wear； catch?a? cold?→have a cold,get