GMDSS普通操作员 第10讲：Passage 33 第10讲：Passage 33.ppt

航运系航海教研室 航运系航海教研室 航运系航海教研室 航运系航海教研室 航运系航海教研室 航运系航海教研室 航运系航海教研室 航运系航海教研室 航运系航海教研室 航运系航海教研室 Passage 33 Radio circuits are liable to interference, fading or bursts of static which can mutilate sections of a telex message. An effective means of error detection and correction is therefore needed. There are two main modes of operation, namely, Automatic Repetition reQuest (ARQ) and Forward Error Correction (FEC). ARQ mode (Mode A) means both stations are synchronized to each others signals. In this mode data is sent in groups of 3 characters. Each character is 5 bits and 2 additional control bits (start and stop) making it 7 bits per character. These are set so there are 4 marks and 3 spaces in every transmitted character. If the receiving station gets a different combination it knows there i\s an error. Each group of 3 characters are acknowledged by the receiver sending ACK (acknowledge) for proper receipt or NAK (Negative acknowledge). When the transmitting station receives an NAK it will retransmit the group. Passage 33 In FEC mode (Mode B), the sending station sends each character twice. It allows messages to be transmitted to multiples or groups of stations. The receiving station does not acknowledge the receipt of data. In this mode, the receiving station does not need an active transmitter. If the receiving station ascertains that she received the messages correctly, the receipts will be printed, otherwise the error characters will be printed as asterisks (* * * * *). Phasing pairs are signals sent at the beginning of transmission and at intervals during the transmission to keep the stations in phase. Passage 33 1. What is the appropriate title of the passage? A. FEC Mode. B. ARQ Mode. C. Operational Modes in NBDP. D. Radio Circuits. 正确答案：B Passage 33 2. Why is the effective means of error detection and correction therefore needed? A. Radio circuits are liable. . B. Radio circuits are unreliable. C. Fading or burs