肺癌相关英文词汇.docx

肺癌相关英文词汇小结 Chapter 64 Lung Can cer 肺癌 L ung can cer/L ung care ino mas 肺癌 solid tumor originating from bronchial epithelial cells 来源于支气管内皮细胞的实体肿瘤 N on small cell lu ng can cer (NSCLC) 非小细胞肺癌 small cell lu ng can cer (SCLC) 小细胞肺癌 12.malig nan t tran sformatio n 恶性转化 13.overexpression of c-KIT in SCLC 小细胞肺癌细胞c-KIT过表达 epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in NSCLC 非小细胞肺癌表皮生长因子受体 affect disease prog no sis 影响疾病预后 The major cell types are SCLC ( The major cell types are SCLC (?15% n atural histories 自然病程 resp on ses to therapy 治疗有效 L ung carci no mas arise from n ormal bron chial epithelial cells that have acquired multiple genetic lesions and are capable of express ing a variety of phe no types 肺癌来源于支气管上皮细胞，这些细胞在 后天产生了多种基因缺陷，并且表现出多 种表型。 Activati on of proto on coge nes 原癌基因激活 9.i nhibiti on or mutati on of tumor suppressor genes 抑癌基因抑制或突变 product ion of autocri ne growth factors 自分泌产生生长因子 cellular proliferati on 细胞增殖 Cigarette smoking is responsible for ? 80% of lung cancer cases 80%的肺癌是由于吸烟导致的 exposure to respiratory carci nogens 暴露于呼吸道致癌物 asbestos 石棉 Be nzene 本 genetic risk factors 基因风险因素 history of other lung diseases 其他肺部疾病病史 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD] 慢性阻塞性肺病 asthma 哮喘 of all lung can cers）, ade no carci noma （? 50%）, squamous cell carcinoma （＜30%）, and large cell carci no ma. 肺癌主要的类型包括小细胞肺癌 （15%）, 腺癌（50%）,鳞癌（＜30%）及大细胞肺 癌。 The last three types are grouped together and referred to as NSCLC. 后三类（腺癌、鳞癌、大细胞癌）统称为 非小细胞肺癌 The most com mon in itial sig ns and symptoms 最常见的早期体征和症状 Cough 咳嗽 Dysp nea 呼吸困难 chest pain 胸痛 Discomfort 不适 Hemoptysis 咯血 exhibit systemic symptoms 呈现出全身症状 A no rexia 厌食 Dissem in ated disease 转移性疾病 n eurologic deficits from CNS metastases 由于神经系统转移造成的神经功能障碍 b one pain 骨痛 pathologic fractures sec on dary to bone 由于骨转移造成的病理性骨折 38.liver dysf un cti on from hepatic in volveme nt 肝转移造成的肝功能障碍 Para neoplastic syn dromes 副癌综合征 Cachexia 恶液质 Hypercalcemia 高钙血症 s yn drome of in appropriate an tidiuretic horm one secreti on 抗利尿激素不当分泌综合征 Cushing'