考点02 状语从句（解析版）.pdfVIP

2020 年江苏高考英语一轮考点扫描 考点 02 状语从句（超详细） 一、【知识精讲】 思维导图 概念：在主从复合句中作状语的从句叫作状语从句。状语从句一般修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词。 （一）时间状语从句 引导词：when, while, as, before, after, until, till, as, ever since, since, each/every time, next time, by the time, the moment/minute/second, once, as soon as..., hardly/scarcely...when, no sooner...than..., immediately/instantly, directly... 注意：在时间状语从句中,通常用一般现在时替代一般将来时；用一般过去时替代过去将来时。 e.g. (1) When you get up, ring me up. (2) When he left the classroom, the teacher came in. 时间状语从句常考、易错点： 1. when, while, as 引导的时间状语从句 (1) when, while 和 as 的配合用法 when, while 和 as 都可以引导时间状语从句,意为“当…时候” 。若表示主句中的动词和从句中的动作同时 发生,而从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时,这三个词等同,可以互换。 When/While/as we were dancing, a stranger came in. （延续性动词） (2) when/while 和 as 用法区别 ①when 引导的时间状语从句谓语动词既可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的,而 while 引导的时间状语从 句的谓语动词只能是延续性的。 When you came in, I was talking with a few boys. （非延续性） While we were waiting for the bus, it was raining heavily. （延续性） ②while 和 as 常表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生,而 when 表示从句的动作发生在主句动作之前、之 后,也可同时发生。 They rushed in while/as we were discussing problems. （同时发生） When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest. （先发生+后发生） When I got to the airport, the guest had left. （后发生+先发生） 特别提醒： when 还可表示原因,意为“既然”,引导原因状语从句；也可以用作并列连词,意为“就在那时”,常组成如下结 构： be about to do sth when… 正要做某事,突然/就在那时… I was about to do my homework when my mother came in. be doing sth when…正在做某事,突然/就在那时…. I was watching the football match when my phone rang . ③while 表示两个延续性动作同时发生而又有对比意义,主从句时态通常是相同的。 While she was making a phone call, I was writing a letter. （对比意义） 特别注意： (a) 当两个可延续性的动作同时发生而又有对比意义时,从句常用 while 引导,主句和从句的时态通常是相同 的。 e.g. My brother was washing the dishes while I was cleaning the table. (b) while 还可作并列连词,意为“然而,却”,表示对比；也可以意为“尽管”,引导让步状语从句。 2 While Toms very good at science, his brother is absolutely hopeless.( （对比两件事物）…而,…然而) While I a