题型二　阅读理解.pptxVIP

题型二　阅读理解;一、阅读理解各种题型的解题技巧 选择型阅读理解在阅读中所占比例最大,测试的能力要求也因题而异,它分为细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题等。 1.细节理解题:一般来说此类题的答案均可在文章中找到,但是答案的表述常常不是文章中的原话,而是使用同义的词语或句子进行表述。因此,在回答此类问题时,应首先仔细阅读题目,弄清题目的具体要求以及所给的四个选项,然后在题目或选项中确定关键词,再利用关键词回文章中定位,找出文章中相;对应的细节性句子,与四个选项进行对照,以确定答案。关键词的确定也有技巧,如果题目或选项中有专有名词(人名、地名等)、数字(年代、时间等),要将此定位为关键词。因为这些词有特点,在文章中很容易找到,所以很快就可以定位相应的细节,从而找到答案。如果题目或选项中没有明显的词,可以定位主要的名词或动词为关键词。解答细节理解题的具体方法与步骤如下: (1)排除干扰项,突出主题。细节理解题的干扰项一般都是某一细节的错误叙述与论断,可先排除干扰项。作为命题内容的细节一般总是以短文的要点为主要论据。因此正确的选项往往与短文的主题密切相关。;(2016河北中考) Let me tell you about a young boy who made a model car all on his own. The boy is me, six years ago when I was just 11. The car was small and simple, but in my imagination it was a high-speed racing car, speeding along the race road. It was during the school summer holidays and workmen were building a new driveway and garage(车库) beside our house. It meant to add something new to our home. When I watched the workmen, I came up with an idea—I would build a car to drive into the garage in celebration of it. I told my mother and began with my plans. But I couldn’t find the right things for making the car, so I gave up and sadly spent several days doing nothing. My mother noticed that I had ;stopped working and asked me why. I explained and she suggested that maybe I should change my plan to fit the things I had, rather than give up. The writer was 　　???? when he made the model car. A.a student　　 B.a driver C.a workman　　 D.an engineer;(2)按文章的???裁,作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词,如:for example,first,second等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的信息。 (3)将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上,快速通篇跳读,眼睛自左至右,自上而下呈Z形扫视,直到找到细节出处,待找到含细节的句子时,放慢速度,仔细核对比较内容,直至找到答案。 (4)注意识别指代词语。为避免重复,文章中对多次提及的事物或现象会使用不同的词语,如同义词、近义词、代词等。 另外,在做此类题目时还要特别注意以下几点:;1)五个W(who,which,when,where,what)和一个H(how); 2)数字、日期、时间等; 3)注意加强语气的词。 2.推理判断题:在做推理判断题时切忌凭主观臆断进行推测,推理必须是基于文章中的具体事实细节进行。在做此类题时,虽然在文章中不能直接找到答案,但是一定要在文章中找到推测的依据进行合理、严密的推断。如果是针对文章中的某个细节进行推断,就要先在文章中找到该细节所在的句子,在正确理解该句的基础上推断出未知的事实。如果是根据文章推测作者的观点、目的、态度和思路,就应该首先确定文章的中心思想,然后根据中心思想;和作者所述的事实及细节进行