电子毕业设计(论文)智能循迹避障小车.doc

目录 TOC \o 1-2 \u 摘　要 1 ABSTRACT 1 第一章 绪论 3 1.1 智能小车的作用和意义 3 1.2 智能小车的现状 4 1.3 设计和研究方法 4 第二章 系统的方案设计与论证 4 2.1 主控系统 4 2.2 电机驱动模块 5 2.3 循迹模块 7 2.4 避障模块 8 2.5 机械系统 8 2.6电源模块 8 第三章 硬件设计 9 3.1总体设计 9 3.2电源电路设计 10 3.3电机驱动电路设计 11 3.4信号检测模块 12 3.5主控电路 13 3.6 AT89S52功能特性描述 14 第四章 软件设计 15 4.1主程序模块 15 4.2循迹模块 15 4.3避障模块 16 第五章 制作安装与调试 16 5.1 PCB板的设计制作与安装 16 5.2 小车测试与调试 18 结语 19 参考文献 19 致 谢 20 智能循迹避障小车 ——硬件设计 QQ 354634241 ******学院***专x级x班 指导教师：xxx 摘　要：根据小车各部分功能,模块化硬件电路,并调试电路。将调试成功的各个模块逐个地“融合”成整体,再进行软件编程调试,直到完成小车,使小车智能地循迹、避障。利用光电开关检测黑线与障碍物，当左边的光电开关检测到黑线时，小车往左边偏转，右边的光电开关检测到黑线时，小车往右边偏转。当右边用于避障的光电开关检测到障碍物时，小车往左偏转。以AT89S52单片机为控制芯片控制电动小车的速度及转向，从而实现自动循迹避障的功能。其中小车驱动由L298N驱动电路完成，速度由单片机控制。随着我国高科技水平的不断提高和工业自动化进程的不断推进，智能小车被广泛应用于各种玩具和其他产品的设计中，极大地丰富了人们的生活。该部分主要讲述小车的硬件设计。 关键词：AT89S52单片机； L298N；光电开关；小车 Intelligent tracking and obstacle-avoid car xxx School of Physics and Electronic Information, Class xx Grade xxxx Abstract:According to the parts of the Smart Car’s functionals, modularing hardware circuit, and debugging circuit. And integrating the debug successful modules one by one to convergence into one whole, then debugging software programming, until completing the car and making the car can follow the trace and obstacle avoidance intelligently. Using photoelectric test the black thread and the obstacle, when the left photoelectric discover the black line, the small car will turn to the left, the right side of the photoelectric discover the black line, the car will turn to the right . When the left photoelectric which is used for discovering the roadblock found the obstacles, the smart car will turn to the right. AT89S52 SCM is the control chip and use it to control electric Car’s speeding and orientation, so as to realize the functions of following the track and avoiding the obstacle by itself. Among them the small car’s driven is completed by the L298N, the speed of the smart car is controlled by microcomputer. Following the continuous advanc