工程热力学(英文版)章节试题及答案（大学期末复习资料）.docx

第一章 热力学基本概念 英文习题 1. Expressing temperature rise in different units During a heating process, the temperature of a system rises by 10℃. Express this rise in temperature in K, ℉ 2. Absolute pressure of a vacuum chamber A vacuum gage connected to a chamber reads 5.8 psi at location where the atmosphere pressure is 14.5 psi. Determine the absolute pressure in the chamber. 3. Measuring pressure with a manometer A manometer is used to measure the pressure in a tank. The fluid used has a specific gravity of 0.85, and the manometer column height is 55 cm, as shown in Fig.1-1. If the local atmospheric pressure is 96 kPa, determine the absolute pressure within the tank. 4. Measuring pressure with a multi-fluid manometer The water in a tank is pressurized by air, and the pressure is measured by a multi-fluid manometer as shown in Fig. 1-2. The tank is located on a mountain at an altitude of 1400 m where the atmospheric pressure is 85.6 kPa. Determine the air pressure in the tank if h1=0.1 m, h2=0.2 m, and h3=0.35 m. Take the densities of water, oil, and mercury to be 1000 kg/m3, 850 kg/m3 5. Effect of piston weight on pressure in a cylinder The piston of a vertical piston-cylinder device containing a gas has a mass of 60 kg and a cross-sectional area of 0.04 m2, as shown in Fig.1-3. The local atmosphere pressure is 0.97 bar, and the gravitational acceleration is 9.81 m/s2. (a) Determine the pressure inside the cylinder. (b) If some heat is transferred to the gas and its volume is doubled, do you expect the pressure inside the cylinder to change? 6. Burning off lunch calories A 90-kg man had two hamburgers, a regular serving of French fries, and a 200-ml Coke for lunch. Determine how long it will take for him to burn the lunch calories off (a) by watching TV and (b) by fast swimming. What would your answers be for a 45-kg man? 7. Burning of a candle in an insulated room A candle is burning in a well-insulated room. Taking the room (the air plus the candle) as the system, dete