考试试题理工类B（职称英语理工类考试卷）.docVIP

试卷第 PAGE 1 页共 NUMPAGES 1 页 考试试题理工类B（职称英语理工类考试卷） 姓名:_____________ 年级:____________ 学号:______________ 题型 选择题 填空题 解答题 判断题 计算题 附加题 总分 得分 评卷人 得分 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C. Radiocarbon Dating Nowadays scientists can answer many questions about the past through a technique called radiocarbon （放射性碳）， or carbon-14， dating. One key to understanding how and by something happened is to discover when it happened. Radiocarbon dating was developed in the late 1940s by physicist Willard F. Libby at he University of Chicago. An atom of ordinary carbon， called carbon-12， has six protons（中子） and six neutrons （质子） in its nucleus. Carbon-14， or C-14， is a radioactive， unstable form of carbon that has two extra neutrons （原子核）。 It returns to a more stable form of carbon through a process called decay （衰减）。 This process involves the loss of he extra neutrons and energy from the nucleus. In Libby’s radiocarbon dating technique， the weak radioactive emissions （放射） from his decay process are counted by instruments such as a radiation detector and counter. he decay rate is used to determine the proportion of C-14 atoms in the sample being dated.Carbon-14 is produced in the Earth’s atmosphere when nitrogen （氮）-14， or N-14，interacts with cosmic rays （宇宙射线）。 Scientists believe since the Earth was formed， the mount of nitrogen in the atmosphere has remained constant. Consequently， C-14 formation is thought to occur at a constant rate. Now the ratio of C-14 to other carbon toms in the atmosphere is known. Most scientists agree that this ratio is useful for dating items back to at least 50，000 years. All life on Earth is made of organic molecules （分子） that contain carbon atoms coming from the atmosphere. So all living things have about the same ratio of C-14 atoms to other carbon atoms in their tissues （组织）。 Once an organism （有机体） dies it tops taking in carbon in any form， and the C-14 already present begins t