PPT讲稿集中式数据采集与通讯的无线传感器网络 .pptxVIP

集中式数据采集与通讯的无线传感器网络摘要：本文介绍了一种集中式的数据采集和通讯的无线传感器网络。这种方法是观察了自然界中蚂蚁的觅食行为而产生的，在基站和传感器节点中，我们根据其不同的功能和性能，明确的划分各自任务。 蚁群优化方法是为了让传感器节点传输收集到的数据而在基站中形成的一条近优链。无论传感器网络拓扑结构产生任何微小改变，传感器网络器节点都能形成一条自适应的双向链式结构。当基站建于传感器节点附近的时候，仿真结果表明，我们称之为蚂蚁链(antchain)的进化算法，在能量利用效率，数据完整性和存活时间方面远优于其他协议。1 绪论1、1绪论 随着微电子技术(microelectronics),数字信号处理技术(digital signal processing)和无线通讯技术(wireless communication)的发展，无线传感器网络(wireless sensor network (WSN))被广泛应用于车辆跟踪（vehicle tracking），栖息地监测（habitat monitoring），森林监测(forest surveillance)，地震监测(earthquake observation)，土壤条件监测 (soil condition monitoring) 等方面。一个WSN通常包括许多传感器节点，这些微小的节点通常由电池供电，可用于检测信号，通讯、计算和提供能量。(A WSN usually consists of a large number of sensor nodes. These tiny sensor nodes, often powered by battery, have the capabilities of sensing, communicating, computing and power supplying.) 电池供电的传感器节点，其消耗的能量主要用来完成三项任务：检测信号，计算和通讯，其中通讯是最消耗能量的一项任务。(Battery-supplied sensor nodes need to consume energy for three main tasks: Sensing, computation and communication, among which communication often costs a significant portion of energy)本文介绍了三种方法，一、Heinzelman 提出的自适应聚类分层法 “Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy” (LEACH)，二、PEGASIS改进LEACH方法后提出的PEGASIS方法，三、也就是本文提出的蚂蚁链算法(AntChain algorithm),通过比较三种方法的优缺点，和仿真结果说明哪一种方法更好—效率高，节能，路径最短等。1.2 蚂蚁链算法(AntChain algorithm)In the AntChain algorithm, the base station uses an efficient optimization method, the ant colony optimization, to form a chain; the chain information is then broadcasted to sensor nodes as their routing information. Three different chain schemes are provided for data gathering in order for the WSN to deal with different situations. In particular, the bi-direction AntChain is self-adaptive to any minor topological changes; the simple uni-direction AntChain is used for limited rounds of data-gathering; the query chain is used to gather data from a number of interested/targeted sensor nodes. After receiving the chain information and the chain type, sensor nodes work independently for their data-gathering task. The simulation re