会计资讯系统计学(一)上课投影片.pptVIP

Continuous Probability Distributions;8.1 Continuous Probability Distributions;0;Point Probabilities are Zero;To calculate probabilities we define a probability density function f(x). A function f(x) is called a probability density function（機率密度函數） (over the range a ≤ x ≤ b if it meets the following requirements: 1) f(x) ≥ 0 for all x between a and b, and 2) The total area under the curve between a and b is ;Uniform Distribution（均等分配）;A random variable X is said to be uniformly distributed if its density function is  The expected value and the variance are;The amount of gasoline sold daily at a service station is uniformly distributed with a minimum of 2,000 gallons and a maximum of 5,000 gallons. Find the probability that sales are: Between 2,500 and 3,000 gallons More than 4,000 gallons Exactly 2,500 gallons;;;;8.2 Normal Distribution（常態分配）;A random variable X with mean m and variance s2 is normally distributed if its probability density function is given by;The Normal Distribution;The Shape of the Normal Distribution;The effects of m and s;Standard Normal Distribution;Two facts help calculate normal probabilities: The normal distribution is symmetrical. Any normal distribution can be transformed into a specific normal distribution called “STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION”;Solution If X denotes the assembly time of a computer, we seek the probability P(45X60). This probability can be calculated by creating a new normal variable the standard normal variable. ;Example - continued;Standard normal probabilities have been calculated and are provided in a table .;Example - continued;P(-.5Z0)+ P(0Z1);The symmetry of the normal distribution makes it possible to calculate probabilities for negative values of Z using the table as follows:;Example - continued;Example - continued;Using the Normal Table (Table 3);Using the Normal Table (Table 3);Using the Normal Table (Table 3);Using the Normal Table (Table 3);Additional Example - 1 Determine the following probability:;Additio