完整版土木工程专业英语翻译.doc

(完整版)土木工程专业英语翻译 (完整版)土木工程专业英语翻译 (完整版)土木工程专业英语翻译 (1)Concrete and reinforced concrete are used as building materials in every country. In many, including Canada and the United States, reinforced concrete is a dominant structural material in engineered construction. (1) 混凝土和钢筋混凝土在每个国家都被用作建筑资料。  在很多国家， 包含加拿大和美国， 钢 筋混凝土是一种主要的工程构造资料。 (2)The universal nature of reinforced concrete construction stems from the wide availability of reinforcing bars and the constituents of concrete, gravel, sand, and cement, the relatively simple skills required in concrete construction. 钢筋混凝土建筑的宽泛存在是因为钢筋和制造混凝土的资料，包含石子，沙，水泥等，能够经过多种门路方便的获取，同时髦建混凝土建筑时所需要的技术也相对简单。 (3)Concrete and reinforced concrete are used in bridges, building of all sorts, underground structures, water tanks, television towers, offshore oil exploration and production structures, dams, and even in ships. 混凝土和钢筋混凝土被应用于桥梁，各样形式的建筑，地下构造，蓄水池，电视塔，海上石油平台，以及工业建筑，大坝，甚至船舶等。 (4)Reinforce concrete structures consist of a series of individual members that interact to support the loads placed on the structure. The floor of concrete buildings is often built of concrete joist-slab construction. (4) 钢筋混凝土构造由一系列独自构件构成，  这些构件经过相互作用共同抵挡施加在构造上的 荷载。混凝土建筑的楼层往常采纳肋梁楼盖的形式。 (5)A series of parallel ribs or joists support the load from the top slab. The reactions supporting the joists apply load to the beams, which in turn are supported by the columns. 一系列的平行梁肋或次梁抵挡其上楼板传来的荷载，次梁的反力作为荷载施加在主粱上，主粱则支承在柱上。 (6)The slab transfers load laterally to the joists, and serves as the top flange of the joists, which act as T-shaped beams that transmit the load to the beams running at right angles to the joists. (6) 楼板将荷载垂直传达给次梁，  并且作为上翼缘和次梁一同形成  T 形截面梁， 将荷载传达给 与次梁正交的主粱。 (7)Some floors of have a slab-and-beam design in which the slab spans between beams, which in turn apply loads to the columns. 一些楼层被设计成梁板构造， 即楼板直接支承在相邻的主粱上， 主粱再将荷载传达到柱上。 (8)Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension. As a result, cracks develop whenever loads, or restrained