Antimicrobial activity of grapefruit seed and pulp ethanolic extract柚子种子和果肉乙醇提取物的抗菌活性.pdfVIP

Acta Pharm. 2004 Sep;54(3):243-50. Antimicrobial activity of grapefruit seed and pulp ethanolic extract. Cvetnić Z, Vladimir-Knezević S. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Croatia. zcvetnic@ Abstract Antibacterial and antifungal activity of ethanolic extract of grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf., Rutaceae) seed and pulp was examined against 20 bacterial and 10 yeast strains. The level of antimicrobial effects was established using an in vitro agar assay and standard broth dilution susceptibility test. The contents of 3.92% of total polyphenols and 0.11% of flavonoids were determined spectrometrically in crude ethanolic extract. The presence of flavanones naringin and hesperidin in the extract was confirmed by TLC analysis. Ethanolic extract exibited the strongest antimicrobial effect against Salmonella enteritidis (MIC 2.06%, m/V). Other tested bacteria and yeasts were sensitive to extract concentrations ranging from 4.13% to 16.50% (m/V). PMID:[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] J Altern Complement Med. 2002 Jun;8(3):333-40. The effectiveness of processed grapefruit-seed extract as an antibacterial agent: II. Mechanism of action and in vitro toxicity. Heggers JP, Cottingham J, Gusman J, Reagor L, McCoy L, Carino E, Cox R, Zhao JG. Department of Surgery (Plastic), School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA. jphegger@ Erratum in: • J Altern Complement Med 2002 Aug;8(4):521. Reagor Lana [corrected to Reagor Lee]. Abstract OBJECTIVES: Recent testimonials report grapefruit-seed extract, or GSE (Citricidal) to be effective against more than 800 bacterial and viral strains, 100 strains of fungus, and a large number of single and multicelled parasites. This study investigated GSE for antibacterial activity at varying time intervals and concentration levels and tissue toxicity at varying concentrations i