计算机网络作业一.docxVIP

计算机网络作业一 Computer Network 2021fall Homework 1 作业提交地址： /~zhgf/ComputerNetwork2021/ 1. What is the difference between a host and an end system? List several different types of end systems. Is a Web server an end system? 答：(1) 基本相同，经常互换。 (2) web服务器、PC机、手机、平板电脑。 (3) 是的。 2. What are the five layers in the Internet protocol stack? What are the principal responsibilities of each of these layers? 答：(1) 应用层、运输层、网络层、链路层和物理层。 (2) 应用层是网络应用程序及其应用层协议存留的地方；运输层提供了在应用程序端点之间传送应用层报文的服务；网络层将称为数据报的网络层分组从一台主机移动到另一台主机；链路层将分组从一个节点(主机或路由器)移动到路径上的下一个节点；物理层将该帧中的一个一个比特从一个节点移动到下一个节点。 3. What is an application-layer message? A transport-layer segment? A network layer datagram? A link-layer frame? 答：(1) 应用层报文是位于应用层的信息分组。(2) 运输层报文段由应用层报文和运输层首部信息构成。(3) 网络层数据报由运输层报文段和网络层首部信息构成。(4) 链路层帧由网络层数据报和链路层首部信息构成。 4. Suppose Host A wants to send a large file to Host B. The path from Host A to Host B has three links, of rates R1 = 500 kbps, R2 = 2 Mbps, and R3 = 1 Mbps. a. Assuming no other traffic in the network, what is the throughput for the file transfer? 答：R1=0.5Mbpsb. Suppose the file is 4 million bytes. Dividing the file size by the throughput, roughly how long will it take to transfer the file to Host B? 答：4Mb?0.5Mbps?8s c. Repeat (a) and (b), but now with R2 reduced to 100 kbps. 答：R2=0.1Mbps，所以thoughput为0.1Mbps，t?4?0.1?40s 5. This elementary problem begins to explore propagation delay and transmission delay, two central concepts in data networking. Consider two hosts, Hosts A and B, connected by a single link of rate R bps. Suppose that the two hosts are separated by m meters, and suppose the propagation speed along the link is s meters/sec. Host A is to send a packet of size L bits to Host B. a) Express the propagation delay, dprop in terms of m and s. 答：dprop?m/s b) Determine the transmission time of the packet, dtrans in terms of Land R. 答：dtrans?L/R c) Ignoring processing and queuing delays, obtain an expression for the end-t