基于食用菌菇渣为机插秧育苗基质的堆肥研究.docx

? ? 基于食用菌菇渣为机插秧育苗基质的堆肥研究 ? ? 吉春明 黄年生 张小祥 吴政 袁静 刘建凤 摘? ? 要：为探索工厂化生产食用菌的菇渣替代传统机插秧育苗基质配方中的营养土，设计了菇渣+有机肥发酵剂和菇渣+尿素处理，以菇渣直接发酵堆肥为对照，对堆肥过程中各个时期温度、水分、pH值、全氮、全磷、全钾的变化进行测定，并以堆肥后的菇渣为基质开展了机插秧育苗试验。结果表明，在堆肥过程中，菇渣+有机肥发酵剂和菇渣+尿素处理较对照的堆体高温期提前且高温的持续时间延长，同时堆肥结束前温度下降快;堆肥结束后，菇渣基质中全氮、全磷和全钾的含量均不同程度增加;结合物理特征和化學指标，菇渣+有机肥发酵剂的堆肥效果最优;菇渣基质机插秧育苗试验表明，不同处理的菇渣基质均适用于水稻机插秧育苗，菇渣+有机肥发酵剂和菇渣+尿素处理秧苗生长速度和生育进程快于对照。综上，工厂化生产食用菌的菇渣作为机插秧育苗基质可行，不同处理整体表现为菇渣+有机肥发酵剂菇渣+尿素对照。 关键词：食用菌菇渣;机插育苗;基质;堆肥 ：S141.4? ? ? ? ? ：A? ? ? ? ?DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2021.08.016 Study on Compost from Edible Fungi Residue Used for Transplanting Seedlings Matrix JI Chunming， HUANG Niansheng， ZHANG Xiaoxiang， WU Zheng， YUANG Jing， LIU Jianfeng （Institute of Agriculture Science in Lixiahe Region of Jiangsu Province， Yangzhou， Jiangsu 225007， China） Abstract： To explore the edible fungi residue produced by factory replacing the nutrient soil in the traditional formula of transplanting seedling， the experiment designed two treatments including edible fungi residue + organic fertilizer starter and edible fungi residue + urea， the direct fermentation compost of edible fungi residue was used as control，the changes of temperature， moisture， pH value， total nitrogen， total phosphorus and total potassium during composting were determined， and the mechanical transplanting seedling experiment was carried out with composted edible fungi residue as substrate.The results showed that compared with the control， the high temperature period was earlier and the high temperature duration was prolonged during the composting process in the two treatments， and meanwhile the temperature declined rate was accelerated before the end of composting.After composting， the contents of total nitrogen， total phosphorus and total potassium in edible fungi residue matrix increased in varying degrees.Combining physical characteristics and chemical indexes，the composting effect of edible fungi residue + organic fertilizer starter was the best.The seedling experiment