《新编跨文化交际英语教程》复习资料U1.pdfVIP

实用文档 Unit 1 Communication across Cultures Some Ideas Related to Globalization and Intercultural Communication 1. What is globalization? Globalization refers to the increasing unification of the world ’ s economic order through reduction of such barriers to international trade as tariffs, export fees, and import quotas. The goal is to increase material wealth, goods, and services through an international division of labor by efficiencies catalyzed by international relations, specialization and competition. It describes the process by which regional economies, societies, and cultures have become integrated through communication, transportation, and trade. The term is most closely associated with the term economic globalization: the integration of national economies into the international economy through trade, foreign direct investment, capital flows, migration, the spread of technology, and military presence. However, globalization is usually recognized as being driven by a combination of economic, technological, sociocultural, political, and biological factors. The term can also refer to the transnational circulation of ideas, languages, or popular culture through acculturation. An aspect of the world which has gone through the process can be said to be globalized. 2. The Challenge of Globalization 1) Globalization poses four major challenges that will have to be addressed by governments, civil society, and other policy actors. 2) The second is to deal with the fear that globalization leads to instability, which is particularly marked in the developing world. 3) The third challenge is to address the very real fear