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* ? ABB Group * | Slide * ? ABB Group * | Slide * ? ABB Group * | Slide * Thermowell Calculation Guide In accordance with ASME PTC 19.3 TW-2010 Andrew Dunbabin March 2012 ? ABB Group * | Slide * Introduction ASME PTC 19.3 TW-2010 was written to replace ASME PTC 19.3-1974 following some catastrophic failures in non-steam service, these thermowells passed the criteria laid out in 1974. The 2010 standard includes significant advances in the knowledge of thermowell behaviour. ASME PTC TW-2010 evaluates thermowell suitability new and improved calculations including: Various thermowell designs including stepped thermowells Thermowell material properties Detailed process information Review of the acceptable limit for frequency ratio Steady-state, dynamic and pressure stress Failure of a thermowell ? ABB Group * | Slide * In 1995 a thermowell failed in the secondary coolant loop of the Monju fast breeder reactor in Japan. The failure closed the plant for 15 years The thermowell was designed to ASME PTC 19.3 1974 The failure was found to be due to the drag resonance induced on the thermowell by the liquid sodium coolant ? ABB Group * | Slide * Stresses on a Thermowell Thermowells protect temperature sensors from direct contact with a process fluid. But once inserted into the process, the thermowell can obstruct flow around it, leading to a drop in pressure. This phenomenon creates low pressure vortices downstream of the thermowell. These vortices occur at one side of the thermowell and then the other, which is known as alternating vortex shedding. This effect can be seen in the example of a flag pole rippling a flag in the wind ? ABB Group * | Slide * Frequency Ratio Vortex shedding causes the thermowell to vibrate. If this vortex shedding rate (fs) matches the natural frequency (fnc?) of the thermowell, resonance occurs, and dynamic bending stress on the thermowell greatly increases The vortex shedding rate for the drag and lift must be calculated.
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