讲稿地质学英语topic6.igneous.pptxVIP

Topic 6. Igneous Petrology Volcanic Geology Compiled by OU Qiang (Updated: 2010) Early Life Evolution Lab, China University of Geosciences (Beijing);Igneous Rock in the Rock Cycle;General Glossary(I);General Glossary(II) ;◎ Magmatic differentiation 岩浆分异作用 ◎ Fractional crystallization 分离结晶作用 ◎ Crystallization differentiation 结晶分异作用 ◎ Gravitational differentiation 重力分异作用 ◎ Magma ascent and emplacement 岩浆上升和侵位 ◎ Magmatic diapirism 岩浆底辟作用 ◎ Magmatic stoping 岩浆顶蚀作用 ◎ Assimilation 同化作用 ◎ Contamination 混染作用 ◎ Magma mixing 岩浆混合作用 ◎ Devitrification 脱玻化 ◎ Depleted / Enriched mantle 亏损/富集地幔;Magmatic Intrusion;Granite (Intrusive);Daqingshan Rock Forest, Keshiketeng National Geopark, Chifeng (Ou, 2009);“鲲鹏落草原”; ◎ Intrusive contact 侵入接触 ◎ Sedimentary contact 沉积接触 ◎ Transitional contact 过渡接触 ◎ Concordant intrusive (body) 整合侵入体 ◎ Discordant intrusive (body) 不整合侵入体 ◎ Dike (Dyke) 岩墙/岩脉 Batholith 岩基 ◎ Sill 岩床 Stock 岩株 Lopolith 岩盆 ◎ Laccolith 岩盖 Apophysis 岩枝 ◎ Harpolith 岩镰 Saddle 岩鞍 Diapir 底辟 ◎ Layered (Stratiform) intrusion 层状侵入体 ◎ Country rock 围岩 Xenolith 捕虏体;Conformity;Occurrence of Igneous Rocks;The biggest dike known on Earth is the Great Dyke of Zimbabwe in Africa. The dike is more than 500 km long and up to 15 km wide. It is filled with coarse grained gabbro.;◎ Massive structure 块状构造 ◎ Taxitic structure 斑杂状构造 ◎ Banded structure 条带状构造 ◎ Vesicular structure 气孔状构造 ◎ Amygdaloidal (Amygdular) structure 杏仁状构造 ◎ Orbicular structure 球状构造 ◎ Pillow structure 枕状构造 ◎ Miarolitic structure 晶洞构造 ◎ Rhyolitic structure 流纹构造 ◎ Flow structure 流动构造 ◎ Columnar joint structure 柱状节理构造;Vesicular structure;Columnar joints form during the cooling process of basaltic lava flows.;1. Phaneritic (Phanerocrystalline) texture 显晶质结构 Aphanitic (Cryptocrystalline) texture 隐晶质结构 2. Holocrystalline texture 全晶质结构 Miocrystalline (Hypocrystalline) t