国际贸易实务引言PPT课件.ppt

国际经贸英语实务(双语教材)?Economics and Trade;Part 1 Overview;Basic Concepts in International Trade 1) Visible trade and invisible trade Visible trade refers to the exchange of physically tangible goods between countries, involving the export, import, and re-export of goods at various stages of production. It is distinguished from invisible trade, which involves the export and import of physically intangible items such as services. Basic categories of invisible trade include services (receipts and payments arising from activities such as customer service, shipping or insurance); income from foreign investment in the form of interest, profits, and dividends; private or government transfers of money from one country to another; and intellectual property and patents. 2) Import trade, export trade and entreport trade When goods or services are sold from foreign countries to the domestic consumers in a legitimate fashion, the exchange is import trade. However, when goods or services are provided to foreign consumers by domestic producers in a legitimate fashion, it is export trade. Given certain reason, the exchange of goods or services does not happen directly between the producers and consumers, but via a third party. Under this circumstance, the trading activity is called entrepot trade. ;3) Value of foreign trade, balance of trade and quantum of foreign trade Value of foreign trade means the total value of imports and exports of a country at a certain period of time. It is usually expressed with a nation’s currency or currency for international use. The UN usually uses U.S. dollars. To have the statistics of visible commodities, value of export trade is calculated with FOB, while value of import trade with CIF. Invisible commodity is not required to declare to the custom. Therefore, there’s no custom statistics. Balance of trade is the difference between the monetary value of exports and imports in an economy over a certain period of time. A favorable balance of trade