昂立高中英语英—18秋—6—动名词.doc

[键入文字] 专业 引领 共成长 动名词复习（教师版）高三英语秋季课程PAGE8/ NUMPAGES8 动名词复习 （教师版） 高三英语秋季课程 高三英语秋季班 动名词复习 动名词复习 I．概念 动名词是非谓动词的一种形式，兼有动词和名词的特征。动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语或表类别和功能的定语等。动名词有时态和语态的变化。 II. 重难点 一、动名词的时态和语态 时态 语态 形式 动词do 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 动名词的时态 1）动名词一般式所表示的动作没有明确的时间性，它表示一贯性，习惯性。 Book reading is at risk with wide use of the Internet. Collecting information is very important to business men. We are interested in playing chess. 2) 动名词一般式所表示的动作还可和谓语的动作同时。 She was unhappy for being left at home yesterday. He avoided being caught in the traffic jam thanks to the help of GPS. 3）动名词完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。 She is proud of having won champion in the competition. I'm sorry for not having kept my promise. I regret not having seen the exhibition. 4) 但在某些动词或词组后，常用动名词的一般式，尽管其动作是在谓语所表示的动作之 前发生。 On hearing the bad news, she couldn't help crying. After visiting the Great Wall for the first time, it is always in my mind. 动名词的语态 1）动名词的被动式表示其逻辑主语是动作的承受者。 He narrowly escaped being run over. They admitted to having been influenced by his ideas. 2 ) 有些动名词在句中是主动形式，但具有被动含义。 The house requires/needs/wants/deserves repairing. = The house requires/needs/wants/deserves to be repaired. The book is well worth reading. 二、动名词的句法功能 作主语 1) 直接位于句首做主语。 Swimming is a good sport in summer. 2) 用 it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 动名词做主语时，不太常用 it 作形式主语，多见于某些 形容词及名词之 后,如：It's no use doing something./It's no good doing something. /lt's a waste of time doing something.　 如：It is no use telling him not to worry. 作表语 动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what 引导的名词性从句。作表语的动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置 Your task is cleaning the windows. =Cleaning the windows is your task. What I hate most is being laughed at.= Being laughed at is what I hate most. 作宾语 1） 常见的只能接动名词不能接不定式作宾语的动词，记住下列动词可以避免在使 用时产生错误。 表示“建议”、“完成”、“推迟”和“想像”：suggest, finish, postpone, delay, ima