高考英语备考：解答指代题，上文找信息.docxVIP

高考英语备考：解答指代题，上文找信息 根据2019年考试大纲的要求，在阅读理解中，“考生应能根据上下文推断单词和短语 的含义。”这一类题目包含了推测划线局部指代内容、推测划线词或短语的意思等。相比较 而言，推断划线局部所指代的内容是比较容易得分的题目。这类题目一般是用that或it等 代词来指代，既然是“指代”，应是在上文已出现了的，下文为了防止重复才用代词来指代, 因此这里看到此类题目应该往上文寻找答案。而本文列举的题目仅涉及能在上文寻找到线 索的，包括直接类和间接类（需要概括等）两类题目。 一、直接类 当看到划线局部是代词，我们基本上可以形成条件反射——往上文寻找答案。再利用 选项的特点，可以猜测是“点对点”，即指代上文出现过的某个单词。 真题1 （2016年全国II卷C篇） Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. Book Crossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it. 30. What does the underlined word it in Paragraph 2 refer to? The book.B. An adventure. C. A public place. D. The identification number. 解题思路:it为代词,前面内容为hoping that the book will have an adventure （希望 书本可-以进行大冒险），因此下文的 traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it （跟随找到它的每一位新读者游历四方），游历四方的应该是上文出现的booko另外， 既然是each new reader finds it,读者发现的应该是书，应选A项。 相似模拟题1 （2019年广州二模） The main problem with the previous studies is that they were too small-often limited to a few dozen individuals. This would be true even if the statistical methods needed to analyze the data were simple, but they are not. Distinguishing birth-order effects from those caused by family size complicates matters, meaning still bigger samples must be analyzed to obtain meaningful results. What does the underlined they” in paragraph 2 refer to? The data.B. The analyses. C. The previous studies. D. The statistical methods. 解题思路：往前找到Heven if the statistical methods needed to analyze the data were simple”,有可能的答案舄A和D,联系上下文,主干局部应是l*even if the statistical methods were simple, but they are not （simple） ”可以推断答案为 D,, 相似模拟题2 （2018年深圳一模） Previous studies only compared female bones to contemporary male bones, the researchers said-and thats a problem, because the response of male bones to stress and change is much bigger than that of women. For instance, as humans moved from a