英语语法+大学英语语法总结.pdfVIP

英语语法+ 大学英语语法总结 a、 非真实的情景，不可能发生的事，即某种与事实相反或 难以实现的情况，或说话人主观愿望。b、 与客观事实相反地情 景， 即强制性虚拟语气，表示建议、命令、劝告这一类的意思 上，表示强烈的要求做到、必须做到这样的含义。c、 虚拟语气 的表达形式是通过动词的变化形式表达的， 其特点是主从句时态 的不一致， 而且一般有明显得标志。虚拟语气的考点为：would rather ＋that 从句＋一般过去时：It is vital／ necessary ／ important／ urgent ／ imperative ／ desirable ／ advisable ／ natural ／ essential ＋that＋动词原形；It is time／ abouttime ／hightime ＋that＋一般过去时：proposal ／ suggestion ＋that＋动词原形；lest＋that＋should ＋动词原 形；if only＋that ＋would ＋动词原形。If 句型 (共有三种句型) 非真实条件句 1、与现在的事实相反：从句用一般过去时，主句的谓语用 would (could, might) ＋动词原形If I were Bill Gates, I would not work so hard every day、2、 与过去的事实相反：从句用过去完成时， 主句的谓语用would (could, might) 第 1 页 共 1 页 ＋ 现在完成时 If I had gone to America when I graduated from middle school, I would have got my PhD degree、3、 与将来的事实相反：从句用 should (were to，did) + 动词原形，主句的谓语用would (could, might) ＋动词原形If it should/were to snow tomorrow, I would go skiing、注意：在虚拟语气的从句中，动词be 的过去时态一 律用were，不用wasIf I were you, I would go to look for him、 如果我是你，就会去找他。If he were here, everything would be all right、如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。虚拟条件 句的倒装 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有 were, should, 或 had, 可将 if 省略，再把 were, should 或 had 移到从句句首，实行倒 装。 Were they here now, they could help us、 =If they were here now, they could help us、 Had you come earlier, you would have met him =If you had come earlier, you would have met him、 Should it rain, the crops would be saved、 =Were it to rain, the crops would be saved、典型例题 _____ to do the work, I should do it some other day、 A、 If were I B、 I were C、 Were I 第 1 页 共 1 页 D、 Was I 答案 C、 在虚拟条件状语中如果有 were, should, had 这三个 词，通常将 if 省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语 的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形 式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do、, 而不能说 Werent I to do、混合条件句主句与从句的动作 发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时 间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。例如：条件句动作发生在过 去，主句的动作发生在现在)谓语动词要根据表示的时间进