2023届上海市黄浦区高三下学期二模英语试卷（含答案解析）.pdf

2023届上海市黄浦区高三下学期二模英语试卷 :___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 学校 姓名： 班级： 考号： 一、用单词的适当形式完成短文 Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fill in theblankstomakethepassagescoherent andgrammatically correct.Fortheblankswith agivenword,fillin eachblankwith the proper form ofthegiven word;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbest fitseachblank. Thecost ofcomplexity in supply chains Adam Smith, the father of modern capitalism, famously thought that fair markets required a common moral framework between buyer and seller. That’s no surprise, considering that his ideas came out of the 18th-century marketplace, in 1 producers and consumers were likely to be neighbours. Advances in technology, transport and communications have taken us a long way since then, 2 (create) complex global supply chains.These 3 (reduce) consumer prices but introduced risks of their own, from labour exploitation andenvironmental degradation. One of the costs of these supply chains has been the rise of powerful corporate middlemen between home buyers and sellers. These middlemen, including Big Tech platformslikeAmazon,makeitpossible forustobuy goodsmade 4 theother side of the world, but this connective power is threatening accountability by creating so much separationbetweenbuyersand sellers 5 it’simpossibletomatch up with thereal cost ofconvenienceandlowprices. Thereareplenty ofexamples 6 (support)thecase,from textilesmadewith child labour,to theunequal rents taken by middlemen in financial services or platform technology. In the latter,lack ofinformation equality makesit difficult for marketparticipantstohave a(n) 7 (share)understanding ofwhat isbeingbought and sold. Thetwobig questions arehow to create system change and 8 willbear